Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38321443›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2024

Assessing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of inpatient mental health rehabilitation services provided by the NHS and independent sector (ACER): protocol.

Helen Killaspy, Christian Dalton-Locke, Caroline S Clarke, Gerard Leavey, Artemis Igoumenou, Maurice Arbuthnott, Katherine Barrett, Rumana Omar

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Helen KillaspyDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK. h.killaspy@ucl.ac.uk.
Christian Dalton-LockeDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK.
Caroline S ClarkeResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, UCL Medical School, Upper 3rd Floor, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK.
Gerard LeaveyBamford Centre for Mental Health & Wellbeing, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, County, BT52 1SA, Londonderry, UK.
Artemis IgoumenouDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK.
Maurice ArbuthnottNorth London Service User Research Forum, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK.
Katherine BarrettNorth London Service User Research Forum, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, W1T 7NF, London, UK.
Rumana OmarDepartment of Statistical Science, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, WC1E 7HB, London, UK.

Funding

National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme NIHR130693
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMental health rehabilitation services provide specialist treatment to people with particularly severe and complex problems. In 2018, the Care Quality Commission reported that over half the 4,400 mental health inpatient rehabilitation beds in England were provided by the independent sector. They raised concerns that the length of stay and cost of independent sector care was double that of the NHS and that their services tended to be provided much further from people's homes. However, there has been no research comparing the two sectors and we therefore do not know if these concerns are justified. The ACER Study (Assessing the Clinical and cost-Effectiveness of inpatient mental health Rehabilitation services provided by the NHS and independent sector) is a national programme of research in England, funded from 2021 to 2026, that aims to investigate differences in inpatient mental health rehabilitation provided by the NHS and independent sector in terms of: patient characteristics; service quality; patient, carer and staff experiences; clinical and cost effectiveness.

methodsACER comprises a:1) detailed survey of NHS and independent sector inpatient mental health rehabilitation services across England; 2) qualitative investigation of patient, family, staff and commissioners' experiences of the two sectors; 3) cohort study comparing clinical outcomes in the two sectors over 18 months; 4) comprehensive national comparison of inpatient service use in the two sectors, using instrumental variable analysis of routinely collected healthcare data over 18 months; 5) health economic evaluation of the relative cost-effectiveness of the two sectors. In Components 3 and 4, our primary outcome is 'successful rehabilitation' defined as a) being discharged from the inpatient rehabilitation unit without readmission and b) inpatient service use over the 18 months. DISCUSSION: The ACER study will deliver the first empirical comparison of the clinical and cost-effectiveness of NHS and independent sector inpatient mental health rehabilitation services.

trial registrationISRCTN17381762 retrospectively registered.

Indexed as

Psychiatric RehabilitationCohort StudiesCost-Benefit AnalysisCost-Effectiveness AnalysisHumansInpatientsState MedicineClinical effectivenessCost effectivenessIndependent sectorInpatientInstrumental variableLength of stayMental healthNHSRehabilitationSevere mental illness

Identifiers

PMID38321443
PMCPMC10848497

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.