ArticleMMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports2024
CDC Laboratory Recommendations for Syphilis Testing, United States, 2024.
Article in MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Treponemal and Lipoidal Immunoglobulin M Tests in the Diagnosis and Management of Syphilis Among Nonpregnant Adults: A Systematic Review.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Pooled it
- The spectrum of movement disorders in neurosyphilis: A systematic review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence, incidence and risk factors of syphilis among men who have sex with men in China from 2013 to 2025: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Description of clinical cases and available diagnostic tools of oropharyngeal syphilis: a systematic review of the literature.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- A Statewide Recommendation for Opt-Out Syphilis Screening in Nonpregnant Adults: Rationale and Evidence-to-Decision Framework.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Rapid/point-of-care syphilis testing in high-income countries: insights and implementation challenges from the authors' experience in Canada.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Review
- Questions Ophthalmology Trainees Ask About Ocular Syphilis: A Question-Driven Narrative Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Utilization and Performance of a Rapid Treponemal Antibody Test for Diagnosis of Syphilis in a High-Risk Population at an Urban County Hospital.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- German guideline on neurosyphilis.Neurological research and practice · 2026Review
- The Congenital Syphilis Surge: Clinician Lessons to Turn the Rising Tide.Advances in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Detection of Congenital Syphilis via Digital PCR and Next-Generation Sequencing, Colombia.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- An Exploratory Study of Host Plasma Proteomic Signatures that Distinguish Secondary and Early Latent Syphilis in Adults.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir HIV PrEP Uptake, Adherence, and Persistence in Two Large US Integrated Healthcare Systems.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- The Potential for Combined Treponemal/Nontreponemal Rapid Point-of-Care Test and Treponema pallidum Polymerase Chain Reaction in the Diagnosis of Gestational and Congenital Syphilis in a Low-Resource, High-Prevalence Setting: Pilot Data From Malawi.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- Ocular Syphilis in the Era of Resurgence: Clinical Characteristics and Diagnostic Challenges in a Single-Center Cohort.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Syphilis-related mortality in the United States, 2021-2025: trends, demographic disparities, and clinical implications.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing assists in identifying neurosyphilis: a case series.Infection · 2026Article
- Strengthening Prevention and Treatment of HIV, Viral Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Tuberculosis Among Women Who Are Justice System-Involved: CDC Recommendations and Resources.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Application of Urea Dissociation Treatment to Reduce the False-Positive Rate of ELISA for Syphilis Detection.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2026Article
- Comparison of CDC and ECDC reverse sequence algorithms for syphilis diagnosis: clinical implications of discordant serological results.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This report provides new CDC recommendations for tests that can support a diagnosis of syphilis, including serologic testing and methods for the identification of the causative agent Treponema pallidum. These comprehensive recommendations are the first published by CDC on laboratory testing for syphilis, which has traditionally been based on serologic algorithms to detect a humoral immune response to T. pallidum. These tests can be divided into nontreponemal and treponemal tests depending on whether they detect antibodies that are broadly reactive to lipoidal antigens shared by both host and T. pallidum or antibodies specific to T. pallidum, respectively. Both types of tests must be used in conjunction to help distinguish between an untreated infection or a past infection that has been successfully treated. Newer serologic tests allow for laboratory automation but must be used in an algorithm, which also can involve older manual serologic tests. Direct detection of T. pallidum continues to evolve from microscopic examination of material from lesions for visualization of T. pallidum to molecular detection of the organism. Limited point-of-care tests for syphilis are available in the United States; increased availability of point-of-care tests that are sensitive and specific could facilitate expansion of screening programs and reduce the time from test result to treatment. These recommendations are intended for use by clinical laboratory directors, laboratory staff, clinicians, and disease control personnel who must choose among the multiple available testing methods, establish standard operating procedures for collecting and processing specimens, interpret test results for laboratory reporting, and counsel and treat patients. Future revisions to these recommendations will be based on new research or technologic advancements for syphilis clinical laboratory science.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.