Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38319520›Full record

ArticleJournal of fluorescence2025

A Novel Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Antazoline and Xylometazoline in their Ophthalmic Formulation; Green Approach and Evaluation.

Yasmin Rostom, Ola G Hussein, Mohamed Abdelkawy, Mamdouh R Rezk, Dina A Ahmed

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Article in Journal of fluorescence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A Sustainable Hybrid (NHLuminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence · 2026
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  2. Coupling MgSOScientific reports · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yasmin RostomDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
Ola G HusseinDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt. ola.farag@fue.edu.eg.
Mohamed AbdelkawyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
Mamdouh R RezkDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
Dina A AhmedDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A green developed spectrofluorimetric method has been applied for Antazoline (ANT) and Xylometazoline (XLO) determination in both pharmaceutical formulation and pure form. The developed method is synchronous spectrofluorimetry coupled with the second derivative mathematical tool for the determination of antazoline and xylometazoline in their dosage form. The developed method depends on reacting the cited drugs with dansyl chloride, a suitable derivatizing agent, to generate highly fluorescent derivatives. The products formed were measured at emission wavelengths; 703.0 and 712.0 nm after being excited at wavelengths; 350.0 and 355.0 nm for antazoline and xylometazoline, respectively. Synchronous spectrofluorimetry coupled with second derivative mathematical tool was developed and optimized using fluorescence data manager software generating second derivative peak amplitudes at 556.5 nm for antazoline and 598.0 nm for xylometazoline. Linear responses have been represented over a wide range of concentration 0.5-12.0 µg/mL for antazoline and 0.1-10.0 µg/mL for xylometazoline, correspondingly. Method validation was successfully applied. Additionally, statistical comparison of developed method with official ones has been carried out where no significant difference was found. Evaluation of the method's greenness was proven using several assessment tools. Indeed, the method developed is found to be precise, sensitive, and discriminating to assess the cited drugs for regular analysis.

Indexed as

AntazolineGreen Chemistry TechnologyImidazolesOphthalmic SolutionsSpectrometry, FluorescenceAntazolineImidazolesOphthalmic SolutionsxylometazolineAntazolineDansyl chlorideSecond derivativeSynchronous fluorescenceXylometazoline

Identifiers

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.