ArticleGenome biology and evolution2024
Lack of Dosage Balance and Incomplete Dosage Compensation in the ZZ/ZW Gila Monster (Heloderma suspectum) Revealed by De Novo Genome Assembly.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- A lizard is never late: Squamate genomics as a recent catalyst for understanding sex chromosome and microchromosome evolution.The Journal of heredity · 2023Pooled it
- Widespread male-female expression imbalance of X-linked genes across phrynosomatid lizards.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Sex chromosome dosage compensation in a sex reversing skink is not influenced by sexual phenotype.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Sex chromosome evolution in haploid plants: Microchromosomes, disappearing chromosomes, and giant chromosomes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Review
- Sex Chromosome Evolution: Hallmarks and Question Marks.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Review
- Lack of Dosage Balance and Incomplete Dosage Compensation in the ZZ/ZW Gila Monster (Heloderma suspectum) Revealed by De Novo Genome Assembly.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- It's a trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex-determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae).Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2024Article
- RNA sequencing analysis of sexual dimorphism in Japanese quail.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- It's a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Incomplete dosage balance and dosage compensation in the ZZ/ZW Gila monster (bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- A lizard is never late: squamate genomics as a recent catalyst for understanding sex chromosome and microchromosome evolution.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Reptiles exhibit a variety of modes of sex determination, including both temperature-dependent and genetic mechanisms. Among those species with genetic sex determination, sex chromosomes of varying heterogamety (XX/XY and ZZ/ZW) have been observed with different degrees of differentiation. Karyotype studies have demonstrated that Gila monsters (Heloderma suspectum) have ZZ/ZW sex determination and this system is likely homologous to the ZZ/ZW system in the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis), but little else is known about their sex chromosomes. Here, we report the assembly and analysis of the Gila monster genome. We generated a de novo draft genome assembly for a male using 10X Genomics technology. We further generated and analyzed short-read whole genome sequencing and whole transcriptome sequencing data for three males and three females. By comparing female and male genomic data, we identified four putative Z chromosome scaffolds. These putative Z chromosome scaffolds are homologous to Z-linked scaffolds identified in the Komodo dragon. Further, by analyzing RNAseq data, we observed evidence of incomplete dosage compensation between the Gila monster Z chromosome and autosomes and a lack of balance in Z-linked expression between the sexes. In particular, we observe lower expression of the Z in females (ZW) than males (ZZ) on a global basis, though we find evidence suggesting local gene-by-gene compensation. This pattern has been observed in most other ZZ/ZW systems studied to date and may represent a general pattern for female heterogamety in vertebrates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.