Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38317422›Full record

ArticleOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2024

Comparing paediatric optometric vision care in Canada over a 14-year period.

Lisa W Christian, Victor Opoku-Yamoah, Kalpana Rose, Deborah A Jones, Daphne McCulloch, Elizabeth L Irving, Susan J Leat

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lisa W ChristianSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-6698-3893
Victor Opoku-YamoahSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7608-8040
Kalpana RoseSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8484-6457
Deborah A JonesSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-9530-0203
Daphne McCullochSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3519-4207
Elizabeth L IrvingSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5573-3728
Susan J LeatSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7082-035X

Funding

Foundation Fighting Blindness
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIn Canada, teaching in paediatric eye care has increased in the past decade both within the optometry curriculum and as continuing education to optometrists. Paediatric vision care guidelines have also been established by North American optometric associations. This study examined whether this exposure was associated with changes in paediatric eye care in Canada over a 14-year period.

methodsCanadian optometrists were invited to participate in an anonymous 35-item survey in 2007 and 2021. The surveys sought to investigate optometrist's recommendations for first eye examinations, the number of paediatric patients seen in a typical week and preparedness to provide eye examinations to children. Response frequencies were determined for each survey item.

resultsAcross Canada, 133/1000 (13.3%) and 261/~6419 (~4.1%) optometrists responded to the survey in 2007 and 2021, respectively. No significant difference was found in the number of years practicing, days per week in practice and total number of patients seen per week. The modal age optometrists recommended children be seen for their first eye examination changed from 3-4 years in 2007 (53%) to 6-12 months in 2021 (61%). In 2007, 87% of respondents provided eye examinations to children <2 years, increasing to 94% in 2021 (p = 0.02). Despite a reduction in the recommended age between the two survey years, the most frequent age children were seen for their first eye examination was 3-4 years (30% in both surveys) and the most common age seen in a typical week remained unchanged (4-6 years-56% 2007; 66% 2021).

conclusionAlthough optometrists' willingness to provide paediatric eye care increased over the past 14 years, the number of children seen in a typical week did not change. Barriers to determine why more children are not being seen at an earlier age need to be investigated.

Indexed as

OptometristsOptometryVision, LowCanadaChildChild, PreschoolHumansInfant, NewbornSurveys and Questionnaireseye careoptometristspaediatricspublic awareness

Identifiers

PMID38317422
PMCPMC12858613

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.