Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38315303›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2024

Financial impact of medication reviews by clinical pharmacists to reduce in-hospital adverse drug events: a return-on-investment analysis.

Mégane Jermini, Caroline Fonzo-Christe, Katherine Blondon, Christelle Milaire, Jérôme Stirnemann, Pascal Bonnabry, Bertrand Guignard

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Mégane JerminiPharmacy, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. megane.jermini@hcuge.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0748-2896
Caroline Fonzo-ChristePharmacy, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
Katherine BlondonMedical and Quality Directorate, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Christelle MilaireFinance Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Jérôme StirnemannDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Pascal BonnabryPharmacy, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
Bertrand GuignardPharmacy, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
University Hospital of Geneva · CHHES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland · CHUniversity of Geneva · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdverse drug events contribute to rising health care costs. Clinical pharmacists can reduce their risks by identifying and solving drug-related problems (DRPs) through medication review.

aimTo develop an economic model to determine whether medication reviews performed by clinical pharmacists could lead to a reduction in health care costs associated with the prevention of potential adverse drug events.

methodTwo pharmacists performed medication reviews during ward rounds in an internal medicine setting over one year. Avoided costs were estimated by monetizing five categories of DRPs (improper drug selection, drug interactions, untreated indications, inadequate dosages, and drug use without an indication). An expert panel assessed potential adverse drug events and their probabilities of occurrence for 20 randomly selected DRPs in each category. The costs of adverse drug events were extracted from internal hospital financial data. A partial economic study from a hospital perspective then estimated the annual costs avoided by resolving DRPs identified by 3 part-time clinical pharmacists (0.9 full-time equivalent) from 2019 to 2020. The return on investment (ROI) of medication review was calculated.

resultsThe estimated annual avoided costs associated with the potential adverse drug events induced by 676 DRPs detected was € 304,170. The cost of a 0.9 full-time equivalent clinical pharmacist was € 112,408. Extrapolated to 1 full-time equivalent, the annual net savings was € 213,069 or an ROI of 1-1.71. Sensitivity analyses showed that the economic model was robust.

conclusionThis economic model revealed the positive financial impact and favorable return on investment of a medication review intervention performed by clinical pharmacists. These findings should encourage the future deployment of a pharmacist-led adverse drug events prevention program.

Indexed as

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsPharmacy Service, HospitalHospitalsHumansMedication ReviewPharmacistsAdverse drug eventClinical pharmacyCost analysisDrug related problemEconomic evaluationInternal medicineMedication review

Identifiers

PMID38315303
PMCPMC10960916
OpenAlexW4391533095

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.