Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38314526›Full record

ArticlePsychological medicine2024

Social cognition and social motivation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: are impairments linked to the disorder or to being socially isolated?

Michael F Green, Jonathan K Wynn, Naomi I Eisenberger, William P Horan, Junghee Lee, Amanda McCleery, David J Miklowitz, Eric A Reavis, L Felice Reddy

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychological medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
10.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Reading body and face language in male schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Loneliness in schizophrenia: Just loneliness.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Ten years ofSchizophrenia research. Cognition · 2024
    Article
  12. Inferring social signals from the eyes in male schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Michael F GreenDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5620-8562
Jonathan K WynnDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Naomi I EisenbergerDepartment of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
William P HoranDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Junghee LeeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Amanda McCleeryDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
David J MiklowitzDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Eric A ReavisDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
L Felice ReddyVA Rehabilitation R&D Center on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Rehabilitation Research and Development Service · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USUniversity of Iowa · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

The Determinants of Social Disconnectedness: A Spectrum from the General Community to Severe Mental IllnessR01MH110470 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GREEN, MICHAEL F. · 2016 to 2020
$2.6M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH110470
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople with schizophrenia on average are more socially isolated, lonelier, have more social cognitive impairment, and are less socially motivated than healthy individuals. People with bipolar disorder also have social isolation, though typically less than that seen in schizophrenia. We aimed to disentangle whether the social cognitive and social motivation impairments observed in schizophrenia are a specific feature of the clinical condition

methodsWe compared four groups (clinically stable patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, individuals drawn from the community with self-described social isolation, and a socially connected community control group) on loneliness, social cognition, and approach and avoidance social motivation.

resultsIndividuals with schizophrenia (

conclusionsThe results suggest that social cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, and high social avoidance motivation in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, are distinct features of the clinical conditions and not byproducts of social isolation. In contrast, differences between clinical and control groups on levels of loneliness and social approach motivation were congruent with the groups' degree of social isolation.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderLonelinessMotivationSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologySocial CognitionSocial IsolationAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSocial Behaviorbipolar disorderschizophreniasocial cognitionsocial isolationsocial motivation

Identifiers

PMID38314526
PMCPMC11413338
OpenAlexW4391539395

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.