Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38312851›Full record

ReviewBiological psychiatry global open science2024

Recommendations for a Better Understanding of Sex and Gender in the Neuroscience of Mental Health.

Lara Marise Wierenga, Amber Ruigrok, Eira Ranheim Aksnes, Claudia Barth, Dani Beck, Sarah Burke, Arielle Crestol, Lina van Drunen, Maria Ferrara, Liisa Ann Margaret Galea and 11 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biological psychiatry global open science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Sex differences in the effect of childhood adversity and coping strategies on psychosis expression: A TwinssCan study.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. The Spectrum of Sex and Gender.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. "Precision Medicine" and the Failed Search for Binary Brain Sex Differences to Address Gender Behavioral Health Disparities.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Lara Marise WierengaInstitute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Amber RuigrokDivision of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Eira Ranheim AksnesDepartment of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Claudia BarthDepartment of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Dani BeckDepartment of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Sarah BurkeInterdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Arielle CrestolDepartment of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Lina van DrunenInstitute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Maria FerraraDepartment of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Liisa Ann Margaret GaleaCentre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Anne-Lise GoddingsUniversity College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Markus HausmannDepartment of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom.
Inka HomanenInstitute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Ineke KlingeDutch Society for Gender & Health, the Netherlands.
Ann-Marie de LangeLaboratory for Research in Neuroimaging, Centre for Research in Neurosciences, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Lineke Geelhoed-OuwerkerkInstitute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Anna van der MiesenDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Ricarda ProppertDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Carlotta RiebleDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Christian Krog TamnesDepartment of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Marieke Geerte Nynke BosInstitute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There are prominent sex/gender differences in the prevalence, expression, and life span course of mental health and neurodiverse conditions. However, the underlying sex- and gender-related mechanisms and their interactions are still not fully understood. This lack of knowledge has harmful consequences for those with mental health problems. Therefore, we set up a cocreation session in a 1-week workshop with a multidisciplinary team of 25 researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to identify the main barriers in sex and gender research in the neuroscience of mental health. Based on this work, here we provide recommendations for methodologies, translational research, and stakeholder involvement. These include guidelines for recording, reporting, analysis beyond binary groups, and open science. Improved understanding of sex- and gender-related mechanisms in neuroscience may benefit public health because this is an important step toward precision medicine and may function as an archetype for studying diversity.

Indexed as

BrainGenderMental healthNeurodiverse conditionsSex

Identifiers

PMID38312851
PMCPMC10837069

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.