Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38311636›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

The detrimental effects of heavy metals on tributaries exert pressure on water quality, Crossocheilus aplocheilus, and the well-being of human health.

Muhammad Subhanullah, Nazim Hassan, Sajid Ali, Ibrahim A Saleh, Muhammad Ilyas, Bakht Rawan, Waheed Ullah, Babar Iqbal, Mohammad K Okla, Ibrahim A Alaraidh and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.

Muhammad SubhanullahDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhawa, Pakistan.
Nazim HassanInstitute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 028118, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. nazimhassan890@yahoo.com.
Sajid AliGovernment Degree College Gulabad, District Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Ibrahim A SalehFaculty of Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa, 13110, Jordan.
Muhammad IlyasGovernment Degree College Gulabad, District Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Bakht RawanInternational Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
Waheed UllahCOMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
Babar IqbalInstitute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China. babar@ujs.edu.cn.
Mohammad K OklaBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ibrahim A AlaraidhBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Shah FahadDepartment of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. shah_fahad80@yahoo.com.
Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · PKKing Saud University · SAAbbottabad University of Science and Technology · PKAbdul Wali Khan University Mardan · PKChinese Academy of Sciences · CNInternational Islamic University, Islamabad · PKJiangsu University · CNShaheed Benazir Bhutto University · PKZarqa University · JO

Funding

King Saud University, Riyadh, Saud Arabia RSP2024R374
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The escalating presence of heavy metals (HMs) in the Panjkora River water and their impact on fish pose a significant challenge to both the ecological community and human health. Consequently, a study was conducted with the primary aim of elucidating their influence on human health-related issues. To address this, the concentrations of heavy metals, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), in both water and the fish species Crossocheilus diplocheilus were investigated across various locations within the study area. The quantification of HMs concentration was carried out utilizing an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The highest concentration in water was found as 0.060 mg/L for Pb and lowest for Fe, whereas the highest concentration in fish was 2.028 mg/kg for Pb and lowest for As. Human health risk associated with fish eating was evaluated by using health risk indices (HRI) for non-carcinogenic health risks and targeted cancer risk (TR) for carcinogenic health risks. The values of the health risk index (HRI) were found greater than 1 except Fe (0.0792), Zn (0.782), and Mn (0.541). The highest mean HRI > 1 was recorded for As (62.99), Cd (26.85), and Pb (10.56). This implies that fish consumption from river Panjkora is not safe up to some extent. Similarly, the TR value for As, Cd, and Pb was found 2.8 [Formula: see text], 1.6 [Formula: see text], 2.8 ×[Formula: see text] which showed cancer risk. There is a detected risk to human health associated with the consumption of fish from the Panjkora River. The government must implement adaptive measures to address this significant issue of water pollution in the study area. Additionally, there is a need for further extensive and prolonged research studies in this context.

Indexed as

ArsenicMetals, HeavyNeoplasmsWater Pollutants, ChemicalAnimalsCadmiumEnvironmental MonitoringFishesHumansLeadManganeseRisk AssessmentRiversWater QualityArsenicCadmiumLeadManganeseMetals, HeavyWater Pollutants, Chemical

Identifiers

PMID38311636
PMCPMC10838935
OpenAlexW4391521699

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.