Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38310221›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Global burden of liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases caused by specific etiologies from 1990 to 2019.

Xiao-Ning Wu, Feng Xue, Nan Zhang, Wei Zhang, Jing-Jing Hou, Yi Lv, Jun-Xi Xiang, Xu-Feng Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
43.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Preventing First and Further Decompensation in Advanced Chronic Liver Disease.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
    Review
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xiao-Ning WuDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
Feng XueDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
Nan ZhangDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
Wei ZhangDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
Jing-Jing HouDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
Yi LvDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
Jun-Xi XiangDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China. xjx722@163.com.
Xu-Feng ZhangDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China. xfzhang125@xjtu.edu.cn.
First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University · CNXi'an Jiaotong University · CN

Funding

Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi Province 2023KJXX-030Shaanxi Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars 2021JC-36the National Natural Science Foundation of China 82170608the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi 2021JM-268
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to assess the global, regional, and national burden of liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases between 1990 and 2019, considering five etiologies (hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcohol use, NAFLD and other causes), age, gender, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

methodsData on liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases mortality, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were collected from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2019.

resultsIn 2019, liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases accounted for 1,472,011 (95% UI 1,374,608-1,578,731) deaths worldwide, compared to 1,012,975 (948,941-1,073,877) deaths in 1990. Despite an increase in absolute deaths, the age-standardized death rate declined from 24.43 (22.93-25.73) per 100,000 population in 1990 to 18.00 (19.31-16.80) per 100,000 population in 2019. Eastern sub-Saharan Africa exhibited the highest age-standardized death rate (44.15 [38.47-51.91] per 100,000 population), while Australasia had the lowest rate (5.48 [5.05-5.93] deaths per 100,000 population in 2019). The age-standardized incidence rate of liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases attributed to hepatitis B virus has declined since 1990, but incidence rates for other etiologies have increased. Age-standardized death and DALYs rates progressively decreased with higher SDI across different GBD regions and countries. Mortality due to liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases increased with age in 2019, and the death rate among males was estimated 1.51 times higher than that among females globally.

conclusionLiver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases continues to pose a significant global public health challenge. Effective disease control, prevention, and treatment strategies should account for variations in risk factors, age, gender, and regional disparities.

Indexed as

Hepatitis CNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseasePerinatal DeathFemaleGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceLiver CirrhosisMaleQuality-Adjusted Life YearsRisk FactorsChronic liver diseaseGlobal burden of disease 2019IncidenceLiver cirrhosisMortality

Identifiers

PMID38310221
PMCPMC10837876
OpenAlexW4391514434

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.