ArticleCell death & disease2024
Targeting AXL induces tumor-intrinsic immunogenic response in tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant liver cancer.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- AXL at the nexus of therapeutic resistance, tumor vascularization, and immune evasion in cancer.iScience · 2026Review
- 1D228 Attenuates Sorafenib Resistance in Renal Cell Carcinoma Models by Dual Targeting c-Met and AXL.Cells · 2026Article
- Advancing Systemic Treatment beyond First Line for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Targeted Therapies Modulating Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition-Linked Oncogenic Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment: Comparative Profiling of Capmatinib, Bemcentinib, and Galunisertib.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Inhibition of the Caveolin-1 pathway promotes apoptosis and overcomes pan-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Targeting the AXL pathway: a promising strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.The European respiratory journal · 2025Article
- Sorafenib-loaded metal-organic framework nanoparticles for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects through synergistically potentiating ferroptosis and remodeling tumor immune microenvironment.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- IL-2-loaded liposomes modified with sorafenib derivative exert a synergistic anti-melanoma effect via improving tumor immune microenvironment and enhancing antiangiogenic activity.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- AXL: shapers of tumor progression and immunosuppressive microenvironments.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Review
- RNAi Screen Identifies AXL Inhibition Combined with Cannabinoid WIN55212-2 as a Potential Strategy for Cancer Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Clinical significance of upregulated Rho GTPase activating protein 12 causing resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- Screening and molecular docking verification of feature genes related to phospholipid metabolism in hepatocarcinoma caused by hepatitis B.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- The Role of Axl Inhibition and Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Understanding and Treatment Strategies.Cancer diagnosis & prognosisReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy without effective therapeutic approaches. Here, we evaluate the tumor-intrinsic mechanisms that attenuate the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) that is observed in patients with advanced HCC who progress on first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Upregulation of AXL observed in sorafenib- and lenvatinib-resistant HCCs is correlated with poor response towards TKI and ICI treatments. AXL upregulation protects sorafenib-resistant HCC cells from oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and accompanying immunogenic cell death through suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and STING-type I interferon pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of AXL abrogates the protective effect and re-sensitizes TKI-resistant HCC tumors to anti-PD-1 treatment. We suggest that targeting AXL in combination with anti-PD-1 may provide an alternative treatment scheme for HCC patients who progress on TKI treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.