ArticleClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2024
Early Life and Childhood Environmental Exposures, More Than Genetic Predisposition, Influence Age of Diagnosis in a Diverse Cohort of 2952 Patients With IBD.
Article in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- The exposome and inflammatory bowel disease: a framework for primary and primordial prevention.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Genomic Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease in United States Hispanic Participants: An Ancestry-Focused Study.Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Inflammatory bowel diseases: pathological mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Burden and Trends of Crohn's Disease Among Women of Reproductive Age in China, India, and the United States, 1990-2023, with Projections to 2040: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Pharmacoepigenetic Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Narrative Review.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2025Review
- Changes in T Lymphocytes and Cytokines After Anti-TNF Treatment in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Association with Response to Pharmacologic Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) develops from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of established environmental risk factors and genetic risk on age of IBD diagnosis in a diverse cohort.
methodsIBD patients in clinic completed detailed questionnaires. Blood was drawn for genetic analysis. Environmental risk factors and age of diagnosis were analyzed by ethnicity (Hispanic/Latinx or non-Hispanic White [NHW] individuals) and IBD subtype (ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease [CD]). Weighted genetic risk scores and environmental risk scores were developed. We examined the relationship between environmental risk scores, genetic risk scores, and age of diagnosis.
resultsA total of 2952 patients were included: 58.9% had CD. A total of 46.83% were of Hispanic background. Early life exposures like cesarean delivery and being born in a developed country were associated with a younger age of IBD diagnosis. Childhood exposures such as frequent plastic water bottle use and having more than 1 bathroom at home were associated with a younger age of IBD. Hispanic and NHW individuals shared similar susceptibilities to environmental exposures. Environmental factors explained 21% of the variance in age of CD diagnosis and 39% in ulcerative colitis. In models incorporating genetic risk score and environmental risk score, the environment was the only significant factor associated with younger age of IBD diagnosis in all groups.
conclusionsEarly life and childhood exposures impact IBD diagnosis and influence Hispanic and NHW individuals similarly. A cumulative environmental risk score contributes more to age of IBD diagnosis than genetic risk.
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