ReviewCancer biology & therapy2024
A landscape of checkpoint blockade resistance in cancer: underlying mechanisms and current strategies to overcome resistance.
Review in Cancer biology & therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Associations between tertiary lymphoid structure density and immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in solid tumors: systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- A phase II multi-institutional single arm trial evaluating TG4010 vaccine plus nivolumab in non-small cell lung cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2026Trial
- Long-term follow-up of a phase 1/2 trial of anti-GDF-15 antibody visugromab plus anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab in anti-PD-1/-L1 relapsed/refractory solid tumors.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Trial
- Trial
- 5-FU chemotherapy induces functional CD7Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- From Breakthrough to Access: How Biotechnology and Artificial Intelligence are Reshaping the Scalability and Precision of Cancer Immunotherapy.Iranian journal of biotechnology · 2026Article
- Defining the tumor microenvironment of non-small cell lung cancer.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Advances in immunotherapy for renal cell carcinoma: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with different chemotherapy in recurrent pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Recent advances in ultrasound microbubble-mediated gold-based nanomaterials for cancer theranostics.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Review
- Statins attenuate PD-L1 sorting to small extracellular vesicles dependent on ubiquitin-like 3 modification.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells modulation in the context of tumor microenvironment for gastric cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Immunomodulating platelet-mimicking nanoparticles for AIE-based enhanced photodynamic immunotherapy against lung cancer.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- DNA methylation status classifies pleural mesothelioma cells according to their immune profile: implication for precision epigenetic therapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Harnessing the tumor microenvironment: targeted cancer therapies through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Cancer immunotherapy by silencing transcription factor c-Rel using peptide-based nanoparticles.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Phenotypic Plasticity, Non-genetic Mechanisms, and Immune Drug Resistance in Cancer.Cancer treatment and research · 2025Review
- Review
- Rewiring the T cell-suppressive cytokine landscape of the tumor microenvironment: a new frontier for precision anti-cancer therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Editorial: Analysis of tumor immune microenvironments and molecular mechanism to reveal the dilemma of immunotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The discovery of immune checkpoints and the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have achieved a durable response in advanced-stage cancer patients. However, there is still a high proportion of patients who do not benefit from ICI therapy due to a lack of response when first treated (primary resistance) or detection of disease progression months after objective response is observed (acquired resistance). Here, we review the current FDA-approved ICI for the treatment of certain solid malignancies, evaluate the contrasting responses to checkpoint blockade in different cancer types, explore the known mechanisms associated with checkpoint blockade resistance (CBR), and assess current strategies in the field that seek to overcome these mechanisms. In order to improve current therapies and develop new ones, the immunotherapy field still has an unmet need in identifying other molecules that act as immune checkpoints, and uncovering other mechanisms that promote CBR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.