Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38304853›Full record

ArticleWorld development2024

"People are now working together for a common good": The effect on social capital of participatory design for community-level sanitation infrastructure in urban informal settlements.

Allison P Salinger, Isabel Charles, Naomi Francis, Becky Batagol, Litea Meo-Sewabu, Sudirman Nasir, Audra Bass, Hamdan Habsji, Losalini Malumu, Liza Marzaman and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in World development, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Allison P SalingerRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Isabel CharlesRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Naomi FrancisMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Becky BatagolMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Litea Meo-SewabuSchool of Law & Social Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Sudirman NasirFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia.
Audra BassRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Hamdan HabsjiMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Losalini MalumuMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Liza MarzamanMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Michaela F PrescottMonash Art, Design, & Architecture, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Mere Jane SawailauMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Syaidah SyamsuMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Ruzka R TarucMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Autiko TelaMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Isoa VakarewaMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Alexander WilsonMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Sheela S SinharoyRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
RISE Consortium

Funding

Wellcome Trust 205222
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Communities with higher levels of social capital perform better than communities with lower social capital in community-level water and sanitation interventions and have better health outcomes. Although research recommends bolstering social capital to improve intervention outcomes, few studies provide empirical evidence on the effect of intervention activities on social capital. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of participatory design and community engagement activities on social capital among urban informal settlements in Suva, Fiji and Makassar, Indonesia enrolled in the Revitalizing Informal Settlements and their Environments trial using the Short Adapted Social Capital Assessment Tool. We performed confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to test tool performance and built structural equation models to assess intervention effect on CFA-informed, sub-scale scores for cognitive and structural social capital. Qualitative in-depth interviews in Fiji and Indonesia and focus group discussions in Fiji provided nuanced understanding of intervention effects on social capital from residents' perspectives. Results confirmed the hypothesized two-factor solution but revealed differences by country and by gender in Indonesia. The intervention appeared positively related to cognitive social capital among men and women in Indonesia and negatively related to cognitive and structural social capital among men and women in Fiji. While effect sizes were small and cluster-adjustment for a small number of settlements yielded non-significant effects, trends were consistent across models and bivariate analyses and were corroborated by qualitative findings. Several contextual factors may explain these results, including timing and duration of intervention activities and influence of COVID-19. Qualitative data suggested that the relationship between participatory design and social capital may be bidirectional, helping to explain why certain settlements appeared to be better equipped to benefit from intervention activities. Practitioners and program designers should carefully consider the social pre-conditions of communities in which they intend to work to optimize program outcomes and avoid unintended consequences.

Indexed as

Community engagementGenderParticipatory designSanitationSocial capitalUrban informal settlements

Identifiers

PMID38304853
PMCPMC10759637

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.