ArticleMovement ecology2024
Land use drives differential resource selection by African elephants in the Greater Mara Ecosystem, Kenya.
Article in Movement ecology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Contrasting African elephant movescapes across xeric and mesic savannas.Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · 2026Article
- Long-term vegetation changes in elephant-related areas of concern in Kruger National Park, South Africa.Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · 2026Article
- Quick on their paws: mice living in human-disturbed areas are faster problem-solvers than mice in strictly protected areas.Animal cognition · 2025Article
- Hierarchy in Structuring of Resource Selection: Understanding Elk Selection Across Space, Time, and Movement Strategies.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- A spatially explicit assessment of factors shaping attitudes toward African elephant conservation.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2025Article
- Crop use structures resource selection strategies for African elephants in a human-dominated landscape.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Introduction to the Wayne Getz Festschrift.Movement ecology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
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Abstract
Understanding drivers of space use by African elephants is critical to their conservation and management, particularly given their large home-ranges, extensive resource requirements, ecological role as ecosystem engineers, involvement in human-elephant conflict and as a target species for ivory poaching. In this study we investigated resource selection by elephants inhabiting the Greater Mara Ecosystem in Southwestern Kenya in relation to three distinct but spatially contiguous management zones: (i) the government protected Maasai Mara National Reserve (ii) community-owned wildlife conservancies, and (iii) elephant range outside any formal wildlife protected area. We combined GPS tracking data from 49 elephants with spatial covariate information to compare elephant selection across these management zones using a hierarchical Bayesian framework, providing insight regarding how human activities structure elephant spatial behavior. We also contrasted differences in selection by zone across several data strata: sex, season and time-of-day. Our results showed that the strongest selection by elephants was for closed-canopy forest and the strongest avoidance was for open-cover, but that selection behavior varied significantly by management zone and selection for cover was accentuated in human-dominated areas. When contrasting selection parameters according to strata, variability in selection parameter values reduced along a protection gradient whereby elephants tended to behave more similarly (limited plasticity) in the human dominated, unprotected zone and more variably (greater plasticity) in the protected reserve. However, avoidance of slope was consistent across all zones. Differences in selection behavior was greatest between sexes, followed by time-of-day, then management zone and finally season (where seasonal selection showed the least differentiation of the contrasts assessed). By contrasting selection coefficients across strata, our analysis quantifies behavioural switching related to human presence and impact displayed by a cognitively advanced megaherbivore. Our study broadens the knowledge base about the movement ecology of African elephants and builds our capacity for both management and conservation.
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