ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024
Clinical and immunological outcomes of HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed uninfected children in the first 24 months of life in Western Kenya.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistent neuroimmune alterations in children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected at age 6-7 years: Associations with language development in a South African birth cohort.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Growth, infection, and humoral immunity in children who are HIV exposed and uninfected.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Impaired clinical, biological, and cytokine patterns in HIV-1 exposed uninfected newborns in Yaoundé: A comparative study of neonatal immune vulnerability.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Maternal and early-life longitudinal cytokine profiles in a South African birth cohort: the impact of HIV.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Antiretroviral-Induced Toxicity in Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Haematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- The Linda Kizazi study: a comparison of morbidity and mortality from birth to 2 years between children who are HIV-unexposed and HIV-exposed, uninfected in the era of universal antiretroviral therapy.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Recruitment and engagement of a cohort of women living with HIV in Nigeria: Baseline characteristics from the Nigeria Implementation Science Alliance.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Maternal and child immune profiles are associated with neurometabolite measures of early-life neuroinflammation in children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected: a South African birth cohort.Wellcome open research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies show increased morbidity in children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) compared to children who are HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU). We sought to evaluate the effects of prenatal HIV exposure on clinical and immunological outcomes in the first 24 months of life.
methodsEighty-five HEU and 168 HUU children from Kenya were followed from birth to 24 months. All mothers living with HIV received combination antiretroviral therapy. Children who were HEU received standard-of-care cotrimoxazole prophylaxis through 18 months. Episodes of acute illness were identified through a combination of active and passive follow up. Trajectories of plasma cytokines, vaccine-specific antibodies, and antimalarial antibodies were examined.
resultsChildren who were HEU and children who were HUU had similar growth curves. Children who were HEU had lower rates of malaria (rate ratio 0.54, 95% CI 0.38, 0.77) and respiratory illness (rate ratio 0.80, 95% CI 0.68, 0.93). Trajectories of plasma cytokines and vaccine-specific antibodies were similar in children who were HEU and HUU. There were subtle differences in antimalarial antibody dynamics, in which children who were HEU had overall lower antibody levels against five of the 14 malaria antigens tested.
conclusionsChildren who were HEU and born to optimally treated mothers living with HIV had similar growth characteristics and immune profiles compared to children who were HUU. Children who were HEU had reduced risk for malaria and respiratory illness, which may be secondary to cotrimoxazole prophylaxis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.