Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38302882›Full record

Trial reportBMC anesthesiology2024

Effect of esketamine on postoperative analgesia and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.

Jing Liu, TingTing Wang, Jian Song, Li Cao

4 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC anesthesiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 45 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
18.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06817239 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Perioperative Low-dose EsketaMine on dElirium in High-risk Elderly Patients uNdergoing elecTive Major Non-cardiac Surgery: a Multi-center Randomized Trial (ELEMENT Trial)

TypeinterventionalSponsorNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityRan2025 to 2027Enrolled1,670ConditionsDelirium in Old Age, Delirium, Postoperative, Anesthesia, Cognitive DysfunctionArmsEsketamine, Normal saline
NCT07523321 phase4not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Perioperative Use of Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combination on Incidence of Moderate-to-severe Pain After Spinal Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorPeking University First HospitalRan2026 to 2027Enrolled274ConditionsSpinal Surgery, Pain Intensity, Dexmedetomidine, EsketamineArmsCombined dexmedetomidine-esketamine administration, Placebo administration
NCT07525999 phase4not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Perioperative Use of Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combination on Incidence of Chronic Postsurgical Pain After Spinal Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorPeking University First HospitalRan2026 to 2027Enrolled274ConditionsSpinal Surgery, Pain Intensity, Dexmedetomidine, EsketamineArmsCombined dexmedetomidine-esketamine administration, Placebo administration
NCT07603596 phase1not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Opioid-free Anesthesia on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery

TypeinterventionalSponsorQianfoshan HospitalRan2026 to 2028Enrolled174ConditionsPostoperative Delirium, Gastrointestinal TumorsArmsOFA group, OBA group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jing LiuDepartment of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 29 Longtan Road, Taishan District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China.
TingTing WangDepartment of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 29 Longtan Road, Taishan District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China.
Jian SongDepartment of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 29 Longtan Road, Taishan District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China.
Li CaoDepartment of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 29 Longtan Road, Taishan District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China. lilycao2@126.com.
Qingdao University · CNTaian City Central Hospital · CN

Funding

Special funds for comfortable medical anesthesia optimization of Shandong Provincial Medical Association YXH2021ZX022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the analgesic effect of esketamine combined with low-dose sufentanil in elderly patients after gastrointestinal surgery, and whether the anti-inflammatory effect of esketamine is involved in the mechanism of postoperative delirium.

methodWe enrolled sixty elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years old, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I-III) who underwent gastrointestinal surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to Group C (control group) who received sufentanil 2 ug/kg, and Group E (experimental group) who received sufentanil 1.5 ug/kg + esketamine 1 mg/kg, with 30 patients in each group. All patients underwent total intravenous anesthesia during the surgery and were connected to a patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) pump after surgery. The primary outcome was the evaluation of pain at 4, 24, 48 h after surgery which was evaluated by NRS scores. In secondary outcomes, inflammation was assessed by measuring IL-6 levels using ELISA. The postoperative delirium and the occurrence of adverse reactions were observed on the 1st and 3rd day after surgery.

resultsThe NRS scores at 4, 24, and 48 h after surgery in the experimental group [(4.53 ± 1.22), (3.46 ± 0.73), (1.37 ± 0.99)] were lower than that in the control group [(5.23 ± 1.16), (4.46 ± 0.77), (2.13 ± 0.78)] (P < 0.05). The concentration of serum IL-6 in the experimental group at 24 and 48 h after operation [(15.96 ± 4.65), (11.8 ± 3.24)] were lower than that in the control group [(23.07 ± 4.86), (15.41 ± 4.01)] (P < 0.05); the incidence of postoperative delirium in the experimental group was less than that in the control group (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting between the two groups (P > 0.05), and neither group had nightmares or delirium.

conclusionEsketamine may enhance postoperative pain management compare with sufentanil, and esketamine has anti-inflammatory effects that reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium.

trial registrationFull name of the registry: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2300072374. Date of registration:2023/06/12.

Indexed as

Digestive System Surgical ProceduresEmergence DeliriumKetamineAgedAnalgesia, Patient-ControlledAnalgesics, OpioidAnti-Inflammatory AgentsHumansInterleukin-6Postoperative PainSufentanilAnalgesics, OpioidAnti-Inflammatory AgentsEsketamineInterleukin-6KetamineSufentanilAnti-inflammatoryEsketaminePostoperative analgesiaPostoperative delirium

Identifiers

PMID38302882
PMCPMC10832082
OpenAlexW4391445497

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.