Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38302472›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Waterproof and ultraflexible organic photovoltaics with improved interface adhesion.

Sixing Xiong, Kenjiro Fukuda, Kyohei Nakano, Shinyoung Lee, Yutaro Sumi, Masahito Takakuwa, Daishi Inoue, Daisuke Hashizume, Baocai Du, Tomoyuki Yokota and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Sixing XiongRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.
Kenjiro FukudaRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan. kenjiro.fukuda@riken.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8015-5819
Kyohei NakanoRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-2817
Shinyoung LeeRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.
Yutaro SumiDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan.
Masahito TakakuwaDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan.
Daishi InoueRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.
Daisuke HashizumeRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7152-4408
Baocai DuRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.
Tomoyuki YokotaDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1546-8864
Yinhua ZhouWuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-9962
Keisuke TajimaRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1590-2640
Takao SomeyaRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Saitama, Japan. takao.someya@riken.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3051-1138

Funding

MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) AS3015021RMEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) JP22H04949
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ultraflexible organic photovoltaics have emerged as a potential power source for wearable electronics owing to their stretchability and lightweight nature. However, waterproofing ultraflexible organic photovoltaics without compromising mechanical flexibility and conformability remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate waterproof and ultraflexible organic photovoltaics through the in-situ growth of a hole-transporting layer to strengthen interface adhesion between the active layer and anode. Specifically, a silver electrode is deposited directly on top of the active layers, followed by thermal annealing treatment. Compared with conventional sequentially-deposited hole-transporting layers, the in-situ grown hole-transporting layer exhibits higher thermodynamic adhesion between the active layers, resulting in better waterproofness. The fabricated 3 μm-thick organic photovoltaics retain 89% and 96% of their pristine performance after immersion in water for 4 h and 300 stretching/releasing cycles at 30% strain under water, respectively. Moreover, the ultraflexible devices withstand a machine-washing test with such a thin encapsulation layer, which has never been reported. Finally, we demonstrate the universality of the strategy for achieving waterproof solar cells.

Identifiers

PMID38302472
PMCPMC10834485

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.