ArticleNature ecology & evolution2024
The ecology, subsistence and diet of ~45,000-year-old Homo sapiens at Ilsenhöhle in Ranis, Germany.
Article in Nature ecology & evolution, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reassessing the Larval Consumption Hypothesis in Neanderthal Diet: A Quantitative and Multi-Proxy Evaluation.American journal of biological anthropology · 2026Article
- Quick Analysis of Sedimentary Ancient DNA Using quicksand.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- A new late Neanderthal from Crimea reveals long-distance connections across Eurasia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- A library of avian proteins improves palaeoproteomic taxonomic identification and reveals widespread intraspecies variability.Nature communications · 2025Article
- New insights from the application of ZooMS to Late Pleistocene fauna from Grotta di Castelcivita, southern Italy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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- The late-Quaternary megafauna extinctions: Patterns, causes, ecological consequences and implications for ecosystem management in the Anthropocene.Cambridge prisms. Extinction · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.
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Abstract
Recent excavations at Ranis (Germany) identified an early dispersal of Homo sapiens into the higher latitudes of Europe by 45,000 years ago. Here we integrate results from zooarchaeology, palaeoproteomics, sediment DNA and stable isotopes to characterize the ecology, subsistence and diet of these early H. sapiens. We assessed all bone remains (n = 1,754) from the 2016-2022 excavations through morphology (n = 1,218) or palaeoproteomics (zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry (n = 536) and species by proteome investigation (n = 212)). Dominant taxa include reindeer, cave bear, woolly rhinoceros and horse, indicating cold climatic conditions. Numerous carnivore modifications, alongside sparse cut-marked and burnt bones, illustrate a predominant use of the site by hibernating cave bears and denning hyaenas, coupled with a fluctuating human presence. Faunal diversity and high carnivore input were further supported by ancient mammalian DNA recovered from 26 sediment samples. Bulk collagen carbon and nitrogen stable isotope data from 52 animal and 10 human remains confirm a cold steppe/tundra setting and indicate a homogenous human diet based on large terrestrial mammals. This lower-density archaeological signature matches other Lincombian-Ranisian-Jerzmanowician sites and is best explained by expedient visits of short duration by small, mobile groups of pioneer H. sapiens.
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