ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2024
Phosphorylation of AQP4 by LRRK2 R1441G impairs glymphatic clearance of IFNγ and aggravates dopaminergic neurodegeneration.
Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatial organization of AQP4 water channel expression in the human brain.Science advances · 2026Article
- Convergent Astrocytic Failure in Parkinson's Disease: A System-Level Model of Pathogenesis and Treatment.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Glymphatic system impairment in neurological disorders: potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Sleep-circadian modulation of autophagy and glymphatic function: failure of coordinated brain clearance in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- The Interferon-miR-146a-5p-Stat1/Nrf2 Pathway Mediates LRRK2-R1441G-induced M1 over M2 Microglia Activation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Mapping the Brain's Glymphatic System.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The role of glymphatic system in brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Astrocyte-blood-brain barrier crosstalk in cerebral small vessel disease: linking barrier dysfunction to neurovascular failure.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Association between glymphatic dysfunction and glucose hypometabolism in chronic disorders of consciousness: a multimodal PET/MRI study.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid mechanics across CNS barriers: from production, circulation, and clearance to mechanomedicine.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Orchestrating brain fluid dynamics: circadian regulation of CSF, glymphatic exchange, and waste clearance.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- The glymphatic system in neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors: mechanistic insights, biomarker advances, and therapeutic opportunities.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- Dynamic modulation of the blood-brain barrier in the healthy brain.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Aquaporin-4 downregulation in dysphagic patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: myofiber vulnerability and inflammation drivers.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- The brain washing system in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Management and Prevention of Neurodegenerative Disorders: Can Antioxidant-Rich Dietary Interventions Help?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Cerebral Lymphatic System: Function, Controversies, and Therapeutic Approaches for Central Nervous System Diseases.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- From blood vessels to brain cells: Connecting the circulatory system and Parkinson's disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is essential for normal functioning of the brain's glymphatic system. Impaired glymphatic function is associated with neuroinflammation. Recent clinical evidence suggests the involvement of glymphatic dysfunction in LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the precise mechanism remains unclear. The pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon (IFN) γ interacts with LRRK2 to induce neuroinflammation. Therefore, we examined the AQP4-dependent glymphatic system's role in IFNγ-mediated neuroinflammation in LRRK2-associated PD. We found that LRRK2 interacts with and phosphorylates AQP4 in vitro and in vivo. AQP4 phosphorylation by LRRK2 R1441G induced AQP4 depolarization and disrupted glymphatic IFNγ clearance. Exogeneous IFNγ significantly increased astrocyte expression of IFNγ receptor, amplified AQP4 depolarization, and exacerbated neuroinflammation in R1441G transgenic mice. Conversely, inhibiting LRRK2 restored AQP4 polarity, improved glymphatic function, and reduced IFNγ-mediated neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Our findings establish a link between LRRK2-mediated AQP4 phosphorylation and IFNγ-mediated neuroinflammation in LRRK2-associated PD, guiding the development of LRRK2 targeting therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.