ArticleNature communications2024
Bacterial protoplast-derived nanovesicles carrying CRISPR-Cas9 tools re-educate tumor-associated macrophages for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Cell-Derived Vesicles to Hybrid Nanovectors: Biological Membranes as Functional Blueprints for Gene Delivery.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Loss of Erbin in tubular epithelial cells sensitizes mice to acute kidney injury and aggravates renal fibrosis.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Next-generation macrophage engineering in cancer therapy: From TAM reprogramming to CAR-macrophages.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in CRISPR/Cas Technologies for Biological Discovery, Therapeutics, and Diagnostics.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Assembly delivery of bioactive matters: Advances, challenges, and prospects.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- The polymeric nanovectors landscape for cancer immunotherapies towards advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs).Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Tuning epigenetics to enhance cancer virotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Delivering the future of immunotherapy: A state-of-the-art review of gene editing in immune cells with lipid nanoparticles.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Engineered Bacterial Membranes as Next-Generation Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy.Small science · 2026Review
- Engineering an AIEgen-based platform integrating CRISPR/Cas9 to remodel the tumor microenvironment and reinforce photo-immunotherapy against glioblastom.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Engineering high-efficiency mutants of the transposase ISDra2 TnpB via protein-generative models and energy-optimized design.aBIOTECH · 2026Article
- Leveraging Macrophage Metabolic Reprogramming for Enhanced Anti-Tumor Immunity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- CRISPR-Cas9 Therapeutics in Early Clinical Development: Delivery and Molecular Diagnostics.Cells · 2026Review
- Self-assembled nanoplatforms for cancer immunotherapy: Principles, progress and perspectives.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Bacterial Membrane Vesicles: Biogenesis, Functions, and Emerging Biotechnological Applications.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Nature Inspired Delivery Vehicles for CRISPR-Based Genome Editing.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Review
- Engineering a cell wall-deficient protoplast-incorporated hydrogel for infected wound healing.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Article
- Engineered bacteria and bacteria-derived nanomaterials for cancer therapy: Mechanisms, designs and advances.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Advancements in Nanomedicine for Precision Management of Lymphoma: Mechanisms, Diagnostics, and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The CRISPR-Cas9 system offers substantial potential for cancer therapy by enabling precise manipulation of key genes involved in tumorigenesis and immune response. Despite its promise, the system faces critical challenges, including the preservation of cell viability post-editing and ensuring safe in vivo delivery. To address these issues, this study develops an in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 system targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We employ bacterial protoplast-derived nanovesicles (NVs) modified with pH-responsive PEG-conjugated phospholipid derivatives and galactosamine-conjugated phospholipid derivatives tailored for TAM targeting. Utilizing plasmid-transformed E. coli protoplasts as production platforms, we successfully load NVs with two key components: a Cas9-sgRNA ribonucleoprotein targeting Pik3cg, a pivotal molecular switch of macrophage polarization, and bacterial CpG-rich DNA fragments, acting as potent TLR9 ligands. This NV-based, self-assembly approach shows promise for scalable clinical production. Our strategy remodels the tumor microenvironment by stabilizing an M1-like phenotype in TAMs, thus inhibiting tumor growth in female mice. This in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 technology opens avenues for cancer immunotherapy, overcoming challenges related to cell viability and safe, precise in vivo delivery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.