ArticleCancer cell international2024
EN1 promotes lung metastasis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma by regulating the PI3K-AKT pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcription factor EN1 governs a lipogenic USP18-ACLY axis to drive bladder cancer malignancy.Oncogene · 2026Article
- MEOX1 Inhibits Growth and Metastasis of Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Engrailed 1 promotes immune evasion and chemoresistance in glioma through single cell and CeRNA network analyses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Single Nucleus MultiOmics Links Novel Transcription Factor Motifs to Murine Hepatic Sex Differences in Chromatin Accessibility and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential role of neural factor EN1 for long-terms survival in estrogen receptor-independent breast cancer.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Advances in Molecular Mechanisms and Targeted Therapies for the Specific Type of Cystic Lung Cancer.OncoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEngrailed homeobox 1 (EN1) is a candidate oncogene that is epigenetically modified in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). We investigated the expression of EN1 in SACC tissues and cells, EN1 promoter methylation, and the role of EN1 in tumour progression in SACC.
methodsThirty-five SACC samples were screened for key transcription factors that affect tumour progression. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to determine the viability, tumorigenicity, and metastatic ability of SACC cells with modulated EN1 expression. Quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed on SACC samples.
resultsEN1 was identified as a transcription factor that was highly overexpressed in SACC tissues, regardless of clinical stage and histology subtype, and its level of expression correlated with distant metastasis. EN1 promoted cell invasion and migration through epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro and enhanced SACC metastasis to the lung in vivo. RNA-seq combined with in vitro assays indicated that EN1 might play an oncogenic role in SACC through the PI3K-AKT pathway. EN1 mRNA levels were negatively correlated with promoter hypermethylation, and inhibition of DNA methylation by 5-aza-dC increased EN1 expression.
conclusionsThe transcription factor EN1 is overexpressed in SACC under methylation regulation and plays a pivotal role in SACC progression through the PI3K-AKT pathway. These results suggest that EN1 may be a diagnostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for SACC.
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