ArticleBMJ open2024
Association between kimchi consumption and obesity based on BMI and abdominal obesity in Korean adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the Health Examinees study.
Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Foods as Modulators of GLP-1 Secretion.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Changing patterns and related factors of kimchi consumption among Korean adults: a nationwide cross-sectional analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010-2024.Korean journal of community nutrition · 2026Article
- Characterization of fermented foods: bone health.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Anti-Obesity Properties of Blackberries Fermented withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivePrevious animal studies have shown the anti-obesity effect of kimchi-derived probiotic lactic acid bacteria. However, only a few epidemiological studies have investigated the association between kimchi consumption and obesity. Therefore, we aim to assess this relationship in Korean adults.
designCross-sectional study.
settingThe Health Examinees study was conducted from 2004 to 2013.
participantsThis study analysed 115 726 participants aged 40-69 years enrolled in the Health Examinees study in Korea. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25 kg/m
resultsIn men, total kimchi consumption of 1-3 servings/day was related to a lower prevalence of obesity (OR: 0.875 in 1-2 servings/day and OR: 0.893 in 2-3 servings/day) compared with total kimchi consumption of <1 serving/day. Also, men with the highest baechu kimchi (cabbage kimchi) consumption had 10% lower odds of obesity and abdominal obesity. Participants who consumed kkakdugi (radish kimchi) ≥median were inversely associated with 8% in men and 11% in women with lower odds of abdominal obesity compared with non-consumers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Consumption of 1-3 servings/day of total kimchi was associated with a lower risk of obesity in men. Baechu kimchi was associated with a lower prevalence of obesity in men, and kkakdugi was associated with a lower prevalence of abdominal obesity in both men and women. However, since all results showed a 'J-shaped' association, it is recommended to limit excessive kimchi intake.
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