Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38289398›Full record

ArticleBiomedical microdevices2024

3D printed microfluidic valve on PCB for flow control applications using liquid metal.

Ahmed Hamza, Anagha Navale, Qingchuan Song, Sagar Bhagwat, Frederik Kotz-Helmer, Pegah Pezeshkpour, Bastian E Rapp

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomedical microdevices, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ahmed HamzaLaboratory of Process Technology, NeptunLab, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-1518-5582
Anagha NavaleLaboratory of Process Technology, NeptunLab, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
Qingchuan SongLaboratory of Process Technology, NeptunLab, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2548-8009
Sagar BhagwatLaboratory of Process Technology, NeptunLab, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9295-0606
Frederik Kotz-HelmerLaboratory of Process Technology, NeptunLab, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8376-154X
Pegah PezeshkpourLaboratory of Process Technology, NeptunLab, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany. Pegah.Pezeshkpour@neptunlab.org.ORCID 0000-0003-2583-1532
Bastian E RappLaboratory of Process Technology, NeptunLab, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3955-0291
University of Freiburg · DE

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft EXC-2193/1-390951807European Research Council (ERC) 816006
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Direct 3D printing of active microfluidic elements on PCB substrates enables high-speed fabrication of stand-alone microdevices for a variety of health and energy applications. Microvalves are key components of microfluidic devices and liquid metal (LM) microvalves exhibit promising flow control in microsystems integrated with PCBs. In this paper, we demonstrate LM microvalves directly 3D printed on PCB using advanced digital light processing (DLP). Electrodes on PCB are coated by carbon ink to prevent alloying between gallium-based LM plug and copper electrodes. We used DLP 3D printers with in-house developed acrylic-based resins, Isobornyl Acrylate, and Diurethane Dimethacrylate (DUDMA) and functionalized PCB surface with acrylic-based resin for strong bonding. Valving seats are printed in a 3D caterpillar geometry with chamber diameter of 700 µm. We successfully printed channels and nozzles down to 90 µm. Aiming for microvalves for low-power applications, we applied square-wave voltage of 2 V

Indexed as

MicrofluidicsPolychlorinated BiphenylsAlloysCathetersMetalsAlloysMetalsPolychlorinated Biphenyls3d printingElectrochemical actuationLiquid metalsMicrofluidic valvesPcb

Identifiers

PMID38289398
PMCPMC10827904
OpenAlexW4391353923

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.