ArticleThe American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry2024
Childhood and Adulthood Trauma Associate With Cognitive Aging Among Black and White Older Adults.
Article in The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring Social Determinants of Cognitive Functioning: History of Criminal Legal System Involvement and Processing Speed among Older Black Americans.Sociological focus · 2026Article
- Adverse life events and cognition in older adults: the role of gender and psychological resilience.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cognitive Health in Older Adults: Rush Memory and Aging Project.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry. Open science, education, and practice · 2026Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Life Course Adversity Related to Geriatric Syndromes: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Childhood adversities and the exposome in dementia risk and brain health.Current opinion in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Life-course Psychosocial Adversity and Biological Aging in the Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos: A Life-course Model Analysis.Research square · 2026Article
- Examining Associations Between Intimate Partner Violence-Related Brain Injury, Psychological Abuse, and Cognitive Functioning in Community Women.Journal of family violence · 2026Article
- Psychological Resilience Buffers Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Due to Childhood Trauma in Thai Seniors.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Incident traumatic experiences and poor financial well-being: A double hit for cognitive decline?Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sociocontextual factors powerfully shape risk for age-related cognitive impairment, including excess risk burdening medically underserved populations. Lifecourse adversity associates with cognitive aging, but harms are likely mitigable. Understanding population-salient relationships and sensitive periods for exposure is crucial for targeting clinical interventions.
objectiveThe authors examined childhood and adulthood traumatic events in relation to cognition among Black and White older adults in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
participantsParticipants (N = 13,952) aged 55+ had complete lifetime trauma and cognitive testing data at the 2006/08, 2010/12, and/or 2014/16 waves. MEASURES: Trauma indices comprised childhood and adulthood event counts. Outcomes included baseline performance and trajectories on the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status.
designMain and nonlinear trauma effects were modeled via linear regression, and overall contributions assessed with omnibus likelihood ratio tests.
resultsBlack participants (N = 2,345) reported marginally lower adulthood trauma exposure than White participants (N = 11,607) with no other exposure differentials observed. In White participants only, greater childhood trauma exposure predicted worse baseline cognition but slower change over time. Across race, adulthood trauma robustly associated with baseline cognition. Relationships were frequently nonlinear: low but nonzero trauma predicted highest cognitive scores, with much poorer cognition observed as trauma exposure increased. Relationships between adulthood trauma and trajectory were limited to the White sample.
conclusionTraumatic experiences, particularly in adulthood, may impact late-life cognitive health if not addressed. Findings highlight foci for clinical researchers and providers: adverse life events as a source of cognitive risk, and identification of community-specific resources that buffer behavioral, physical, and mental health sequelae of previous and incident trauma.
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