ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2023
Intermediate and long-term residual cardiovascular risk in patients with established cardiovascular disease treated with statins.
Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Clinical Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Article
- Importance and Management of Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Dyslipidemia Treatment.JACC. Asia · 2026Review
- Excess apolipoprotein B predicts long-term survival in statin-treated CAD irrespective of achieved LDL-C levels: a pooled cohort analysis.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Effects of evolocumab combined with statin therapy on blood lipids, inflammatory factors, and endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Association of the novel remnant cholesterol inflammatory index with acute coronary syndrome risk in hospitalized patients with diabetes: a two-center study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of hemoglobin-to-serum creatinine ratio in patients with coronary artery disease and reduced kidney function following percutaneous coronary intervention.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Decoding the crosstalk: interplay between macrophage programmed cell death networks and cholesterol efflux.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Comparative Efficacy of Initial Statin and Ezetimibe Combination versus Statin Monotherapy on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Integrative cardiovascular disease therapy: Linoleic acid restriction, enhanced external counterpulsation, and emerging nanotherapies.World journal of cardiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Statins remain the first-line treatment for secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events, with lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) being their therapeutic target. Although LDL-C reduction significantly lowers CV risk, residual risk persists, even in patients with well-controlled LDL-C; thus, statin add-on agents that target pathways other than LDL-C, such as the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid, may help to further reduce persistent CV risk in patients with established CV disease. Methods: This narrative review examines the contemporary literature assessing intermediate- and long-term event rates in patients with established CV disease treated with statins. Results: CV event rates among patients treated with statins who have established CV disease, including coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral arterial disease, accumulate over time, with a cumulative incidence of CV events reaching up to approximately 40% over 10 years. Recurrent stroke occurs in up to 19% of patients seven years after a first cerebrovascular event. Repeat revascularization and CV-related death occurs in up to 38% and 33% of patients with peripheral artery disease after three years, respectively. Discussion: Additional treatment strategies, such as eicosapentaenoic acid, are needed to reduce persistent CV risk in patients with established CV disease treated with statins.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.