SynthesisAge and ageing2024
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2) in frail or older people with type 2 diabetes and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Age and ageing, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interplay between frailty and cardiometabolic disorders: from pathophysiology to clinical implications.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Pooled it
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and Efficacy of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Older Adults with Variable Disease States: A Meta-analysis of Large Placebo-Controlled Trials.Drugs & aging · 2025Pooled it
- Frailty-related factors and 1-year renal function change after sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in elderly chronic kidney disease patients.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2026Article
- Prescription of SGLT-2 inhibitors alone or in combination with RAS-inhibitors in patients with diabetes mellitus and comorbid cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease or cardiorenal disease: a real-world evidence study from the REPOSI registry.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Heart Failure with Reduced and Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Network Interpretive Framework of Mechanisms, Phenotypes, and Therapeutic Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Natural modulators of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2): potential epigenetic regulators of aging-associated pathways.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Differential Acute Kidney Injury Profiles of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is: A Network Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Determinants and Prognostic Impact of In-Hospital Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Initiation in Patients with Heart Failure.Clinical drug investigation · 2026Observational
- Effectiveness and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in aged patients (≥ 75 Years) with diabetes: a multi-center retrospective cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Observational
- Evidence on SGLT2 Inhibitors' Efficacy in Older and Frail Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Age disparities in SGLT2 inhibitor prescription among people with type 2 diabetes: The role of frailty and sex.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Observational
- Early initiation of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in heart failure patients: a nationwide study.ESC heart failure · 2026Article
- Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduce new-onset heart failure and death after myocardial infarction with a preserved ejection fraction following coronary intervention.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- SGLT2 inhibitors in frailty: a review of current evidence, and clinical recommendations.The British journal of cardiology · 2026Article
- Safety & efficacy of sodium glucose co-transport 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in elderly patients with heart failure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- A decade of SGLT2 inhibitors: Lessons learned and the road ahead in type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Article
- Clinical Inertia in SGLT2 Inhibitor Use Among Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comparison of Regional and University Hospital Practice.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) reduce cardio-metabolic and renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) but their efficacy and safety in older or frail individuals remains unclear.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRA and Google Scholar and selected randomised controlled trials and observational studies comparing SGLT2Is versus placebo/other glucose-lowering agent for people with frailty or older individuals (>65 years) with T2D and heart failure (HF). Extracted data on the change in HbA1c % and safety outcomes were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis model.
resultsWe included data from 20 studies (22 reports; N = 77,083 patients). SGLT2Is did not significantly reduce HbA1c level (mean difference -0.13, 95%CI: -0.41 to 0.14). SGLT2Is were associated with a significant reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality (risk ratio (RR) 0.81, 95%CI: -0.69 to 0.95), cardiac death (RR 0.80, 95%CI: -0.94 to 0.69) and hospitalisation for heart failure (HHF) (RR 0.69, 95%CI: 0.59-0.81). However, SGLT2Is did not demonstrate significant effect in reducing in the risk of macrovascular events (acute coronary syndrome or cerebral vascular occlusion), renal progression/composite renal endpoint, acute kidney injury, worsening HF, atrial fibrillation or diabetic ketoacidosis.
conclusionsIn older or frail patients with T2D and HF, SGLT2Is are consistently linked with a decrease in total mortality and the overall burden of cardiovascular (CV) events, including HHF events and cardiac death, but not protective for macrovascular death or renal events. Adverse events were more difficult to quantify but the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis or acute kidney injury was not significantly increase.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.