ArticleOncoimmunology2021
An immunogenic first-in-human immune modulatory vaccine with PD-L1 and PD-L2 peptides is feasible and shows early signs of efficacy in follicular lymphoma.
Article in Oncoimmunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immune modulatory vaccines targeting tumor microenvironment antigens: recent advances in oncology and beyond.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Unusually long remission in two patients with follicular lymphoma receiving immunomodulating therapeutic cancer vaccines.Leukemia research reports · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Vaccines for Follicular Lymphoma: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Long-term follow-up of anti-PD-1 naïve patients with metastatic melanoma treated with IDO/PD-L1 targeting peptide vaccine and nivolumab.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- An arginase1- and PD-L1-derived peptide-based vaccine for myeloproliferative neoplasms: A first-in-man clinical trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Anti-PD-L1/PD-L2 therapeutic vaccination in untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with unmutated IgHV.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Cells in the tumor microenvironment of Follicular lymphoma (FL) express checkpoint molecules such as programmed death ligands 1 and 2 (PD-L1 and PD-L2) and are suppressing anti-tumor immune activity. Stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with PD-L1 (IO103) or PD-L2 (IO120) peptides can activate specific T cells inducing anti-regulatory functions including cytotoxicity against PD-L1/PD-L2-expressing cells. In this study, we vaccinated eight FL patients with PD-L1 and PD-L2 peptides following treatment with standard chemotherapy. Patients experienced grade 1-2 injection site reaction (5/8) and mild flu-like symptoms (6/8). One patient experienced neutropenia and thrombocytopenia during pseudo-progression. Enzyme-linked immunospot detected vaccine-specific immune responses in PBMC from all patients, predominately toward PD-L1. The circulating immune composition was stable during treatment; however, we observed a reduction regulatory T cells, however, not significant. One patient achieved a complete remission during vaccination and two patients had pseudo-progression followed by long-term disease regression. Further examination of these early signs of clinical efficacy of the dual-epitope vaccine in a larger study is warranted.
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