SynthesisJournal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology2024
Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis and the incidence of surgical site infections in elective clean soft tissue surgery of the hand and upper limb: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extraarticular distal humeral nonunion: systematic review of literature.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical Leadership, Evaluation, and Action Network for surgical site infection control: protocol enhancement in Sudan.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection in ruminant species following internal fixation for orthopedic injury: 81 cases (2010-2023).Veterinary surgery : VS · 2025Article
- Editorial: Bacteriophage therapy in orthopedics-Key questions and emerging answers.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2025Article
- Article
- IMPLEMENTATION OF WALANT ANESTHESIA FOR HAND AND WRIST SURGERIES IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL: PILOT STUDY.Acta ortopedica brasileira · 2025Article
- Evaluation of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in clean-wound general surgery procedures: a propensity score-matched cohort study at a regional hospital.BMC surgery · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSurgical site infections (SSI) are the most frequent early complications of hand surgeries. However, the indications still remain uncertain for antibiotic prophylaxis in elective clean soft tissue surgeries of the hand and upper limb. Therefore, a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on the prevention of SSI in these types of surgeries.
methodsAn electronic search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE/Pubmed, PMC/Pubmed, Web of Science/Clarivate Analytics, Embase/Elsevier, Scopus/Elsevier, BVS/Lilacs, and the Cochrane Library, with no restrictions regarding publication language or date. The primary outcome of interest was the occurrence of SSI following elective clean soft tissue surgeries of the hand and upper limb according to the administration of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis and no antibiotic prophylaxis. Surgeries involving simultaneous bone procedures or orthopedic implants were excluded. Study selection and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers. RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I are Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials and non-randomized studies of interventions. The magnitude of the intervention effect was estimated using the relative risk (RR). The meta-analysis was performed with the Review Manager and R software tools, using the Mantel-Haenszel random-effects model and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results with p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
resultsThe initial search yielded 1175 titles, from which 12 articles met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review, and 10 were included in the subsequent meta-analysis. The majority of these studies were nonrandomized intervention trials, exhibiting a moderate risk of bias. According to our review, preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis did not have a statistically significant impact on the incidence of SSI (RR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.91-1.40, p = 0.28). The overall quality of evidence for this outcome was rated as low. Moderate statistical heterogeneity was observed (I
conclusionsWhile these results were consistent with the findings from individual studies included in this review, it is important to note that, given the threshold of p ≤ 0.05 for statistical significance, no definitive conclusions can be drawn from the quantitative analysis of the data obtained. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 2.
trial registrationCRD42023417786.
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