Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38282036›Full record

ReviewGut pathogens2024

A systematic review and meta-analysis of protozoan parasite infections among patients with mental health disorders: an overlooked phenomenon.

Amir Abdoli, Meysam Olfatifar, Aida Vafae Eslahi, Zeinab Moghadamizad, Rasoul Samimi, Mohammad Amin Habibi, Amir Sam Kianimoghadam, Milad Badri, Panagiotis Karanis

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Gut pathogens, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Amir Abdoli *Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
Meysam OlfatifarGastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Aida Vafae Eslahi *Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Zeinab MoghadamizadDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Rasoul Samimi *Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Mohammad Amin HabibiSkull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Amir Sam KianimoghadamDepartment of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Milad Badri *Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. badri22.milad@gmail.com.
Panagiotis KaranisUniversity of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Cologne, Germany. karanis.p@unic.ac.cy.
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences · IRShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences · IRJahrom University of Medical Sciences · IRQom University of Medical Science and Health Services · IRTarbiat Modares University · IRUniversity of Cologne · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with mental disorders have a high risk of intestinal parasitic infection due to poor hygiene practices. Hence, to better clarify this overlooked phenomenon, the current study is conducted to determine the global prevalence of protozoan parasite infections in patients with mental disorders and investigate the associated risk factors.

methodsSeveral databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) were searched for papers published until December 2022. The fixed effect meta-analysis was used to estimate the overall odds ratio (OR) and pooled prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

resultsTotally, 131 articles (91 case-control and 40 cross-sectional studies) met the eligibility criteria. Patients with mental disorders were significantly at higher risk for protozoan parasites than healthy controls (OR: 2.059, 1.830-2.317). The highest pooled OR (2.485, 1.413-4.368) was related to patients with neurodevelopmental disorders, and the highest pooled prevalence was detected in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (0.341, 0.244-0.446), followed by bipolar and related disorders (0.321, 0.000-0.995). Toxoplasma gondii was the most prevalent protozoan parasite (0.343, 0.228-0.467) in cross-sectional studies and the highest pooled OR was related to Cyclospora cayetanensis (4.719, 1.352-16.474) followed by Cryptosporidium parvum (4.618, 2.877-7.412).

conclusionOur findings demonstrated that individuals afflicted with mental disorders are significantly more susceptible to acquiring protozoan parasites in comparison to healthy individuals. Preventive interventions, regular screening, and treatment approaches for parasitic diseases should be considered for patients with mental disorders.

Indexed as

Mental disordersMeta-analysisPrevalenceProtozoan parasitesWorldwide

Identifiers

PMID38282036
PMCPMC10822187
OpenAlexW4391288427

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.