ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2024
The association between TyG and all-cause/non-cardiovascular mortality in general patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is modified by age: results from the cohort study of NHANES 1999-2018.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
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72 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insulin Resistance and Blood Pressure Control on Cognitive Outcomes.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Trial
- Association and predictive value of the triglyceride glucose-weight adjusted waist index for cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of the host-tumor metabolic interface: Implications for precision nutritional oncology.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Divergent associations of TyG index and HOMA-IR with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality in non-diabetic elderly: a competing risk analysis of NHANES 2003‒2020.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- eGDR and gastrointestinal cancer mortality in the UK Biobank: a prospective cohort study.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Association of Triglyceride-Glucose-Frailty Index with Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality Incidence in Individuals with Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages 0-3: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Association of cumulative obesity- and insulin resistance-related indices with incident cardiovascular disease in Chinese middle-aged and elderly populations: a nationwide prospective cohort study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Combining body roundness index and triglyceride-glucose index to enhance MASLD prediction: insights from NHANES and machine learning.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein-glucose index versus triglyceride-glucose-derived indices for predicting 10-year cardiovascular mortality in the MASHAD cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Deep Learning to Explore the Effect of Triglyceride/Glucose Index on Periodontitis: An Analysis Based on the Large NHANES Database.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2026Article
- Increased mortality risk with lower versus higher BMI in older adults with T2DM: a Shanghai diabetes management cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- A correlation analysis between TyG-derived indices and diabetes mellitus: based on the NHANES database.Endocrine journal · 2026Article
- Association of late-pregnancy triglyceride-glucose index and growth differentiation factor 15 with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Risk Stratification for Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression in Predicting All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes: A National Cohort Study From NHANES 1999-2018.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a novel metabolic-inflammatory health-related nomogram for predicting in-hospital mortality in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Development and validation of age- and gender-specific reference intervals for the triglyceride-glucose index in a large Chinese healthy adult population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) predicts mortality in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a dual-cohort study with machine learning validation.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Association of the triglyceride-glucose index with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with comorbid hypertension and diabetes: A population-based cohort study.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Association of physical activity patterns including "weekend warrior" with mortality in adults with chronic lower respiratory diseases: a population-based cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association of triglyceride-glucose related indices with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a large prospective cohort study.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe prognostic value of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in general type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the associations between TyG and all-cause/cause-specific death in a T2DM cohort and explore whether such associations would be modified by age.
methodsA total of 3,376 patients with T2DM from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 were selected and divided into the younger group (< 65 yrs) and the older group (≥ 65 yrs). Baseline TyG was calculated and cause-specific mortality status [cardiovascular (CV), cancer, and non-CV] was determined by the NHANES Public-Use Linked Mortality Files through 31 December 2019. Multivariate Cox and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression models were used to evaluate the association between TyG and all-cause/cause-specific mortality. Interaction between TyG and age to mortality was also evaluated. Sensitivity analyses were performed in patients without cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, or insulin treatment.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 107 months, 805 all-cause deaths occurred, of which 250 and 144 were attributed to CV and cancer deaths. There was a significant age interaction to the association between TyG and all-cause/non-CV mortality. After fully adjusting for potential confounding factors, higher TyG was associated with an increased risk of all-cause [TyG per unit increase Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.33, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.06-1.66, p = 0.014] and non-CV mortality (TyG per unit increase HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.18-2.01, p = 0.002) only in the younger group, but not in the older group. There was no significant association between TyG and CV/cancer death in the total cohort and two age subgroups. Similar results were found in RCS and sensitivity analyses.
conclusionIn a national sample of patients with T2DM in the United States, we found that the association between TyG and all-cause/non-CV death was modified by age. Higher TyG was only associated with an increased risk of all-cause/non-CV only in T2DM patients younger than 65 years old, but not in older patients.
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