ArticleUnited European gastroenterology journal2024
High vaccination coverage and infection rate result in a robust SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity in the majority of liver cirrhosis and transplant patients: A single-center cross-sectional study.
Article in United European gastroenterology journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- MPXV H3L elicits broadly directed CD4 T cell responses in mpox patients and MVA vaccinees.Npj viruses · 2026Article
- Canadian Transplant Candidates' and Recipients' Perspectives on Mandatory Vaccination and Access to Transplantation: A Qualitative Study.Clinical transplantation · 2026Article
- Distinct features of humoral and cellular immunity against Omicron breakthrough infection among chronic liver disease patients: An experience from a follow-up cohort.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 and JN.1 Variants Following XBB.1.5 Booster Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients.Viruses · 2024Article
- High vaccination coverage and infection rate result in a robust SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity in the majority of liver cirrhosis and transplant patients: A single-center cross-sectional study.United European gastroenterology journal · 2024Article
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16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundIn the third year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, little is known about the vaccine- and infection-induced immune response in liver transplant recipients (LTR) and liver cirrhosis patients (LCP).
objectiveThis cross-sectional study assessed the vaccination coverage, infection rate, and the resulting humoral and cellular SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses in a cohort of LTR and LCP at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany between March and May 2023.
methodsClinical and laboratory data from 244 consecutive patients (160 LTR and 84 LCP) were collected via chart review and a patient survey. Immune responses were determined via standard spike(S)- and nucleocapsid-protein serology and a spike-specific Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA).
resultsOn average, LTR and LCP were vaccinated 3.7 and 3.3 times, respectively and 59.4% of patients received ≥4 vaccinations. Altogether, 68.1% (109/160) of LTR and 70.2% (59/84) of LCP experienced a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most infections occurred during the Omicron wave in 2022 after an average of 3.0 vaccinations. Overall, the hospitalization rate was low (<6%) in both groups. An average of 4.3 antigen contacts by vaccination and/or infection resulted in a seroconversion rate of 98.4%. However, 17.5% (28/160) of LTR and 8.3% (7/84) of LCP demonstrated only low anti-S titers (<1000 AU/ml), and 24.6% (16/65) of LTR and 20.4% (10/59) of LCP had negative or low IGRA responses. Patients with hybrid immunity (vaccination plus infection) elicited significantly higher anti-S titers compared with uninfected patients with the same number of spike antigen contacts. A total of 22.2% of patients refused additional booster vaccinations.
conclusionBy spring 2023, high vaccination coverage and infection rate have resulted in a robust, mostly hybrid, humoral and cellular immune response in most LTR and LCP. However, booster vaccinations with vaccines covering new variants seem advisable, especially in patients with low immune responses and risk factors for severe disease.
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