Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38277735›Full record

Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2024

Contingency management is associated with positive changes in attitudes and reductions in cannabis use even after discontinuation of incentives among non-treatment seeking youth.

Megan E Cooke, Sarah J Knoll, Joanna M Streck, Kevin Potter, Erin Lamberth, Natali Rychik, Jodi M Gilman, A Eden Evins, Randi M Schuster

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. N-acetylcysteine for youth cannabis use disorder: randomized controlled trial main findings.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Megan E CookeDepartment of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Sarah J KnollDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
Joanna M StreckDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Kevin PotterDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Erin LamberthDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
Natali RychikDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
Jodi M GilmanDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
A Eden EvinsDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Randi M SchusterDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: RSCHUSTER@mgh.harvard.edu.

Funding

Cognitive Recovery With Cannabis Abstinence Among High School-Aged AdolescentsK23DA042946 · NIDA · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI SCHUSTER, RANDI MELISSA · 2017 to 2021
$1.1M
NIDA NIH HHS K23 DA042946
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt is important to identify interventions that reduce harm in youth not motivated to change their cannabis use. This study evaluated how short-duration contingency management (CM) impacts cannabis use attitudes and behavior after abstinence incentives are discontinued among non-treatment seeking youth.

methodsParticipants (N=220) were randomized to 4 weeks of abstinence-based CM (CB-Abst; n=126) or monitoring (CB-Mon; n=94). Participants completed self-report and provided biochemical measures of cannabis exposure at baseline, end-of-intervention, and 4-week follow-up. Changes in self-reported cannabis use frequency (days/week; times/week) and biochemically verified creatinine-adjusted 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations (CN-THCCOOH) were analyzed between groups from baseline to follow-up. In CB-Abst, cannabis use goals at end-of-intervention were described and changes in cannabis use at follow-up were explored by goals and cannabis use disorder (CUD) diagnosis.

resultsThere was a group by visit interaction on cannabis use (days: beta=0.93, p=0.005; times: beta=0.71, p<0.001; CN-THCCOOH: beta=0.26, p=0.004), with reductions at follow-up detected only in CB-Abst. Following 4 weeks of abstinence, 68.4% of CB-Abst participants wanted to reduce or abstain from cannabis use following completion of CM. Those in CB-Abst who set end-of-intervention reduction goals and were without CUD had greater decreases in cannabis use frequency at follow-up (Goals*time on days/week: beta=-2.27, p<0.001; CUD*time on times/week: beta=0.48, SE=0.24, t=2.01, p=0.048).

conclusionsFindings support the utility of brief incentivized abstinence for generating motivation to reduce cannabis use and behavior change even after incentives end. This study supports CM as a potentially viable harm reduction strategy for those not yet ready to quit.

Indexed as

CannabisHallucinogensMarijuana AbuseSubstance-Related DisordersAdolescentBehavior TherapyCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsDronabinolHumansMotivationCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsDronabinolHallucinogensAbstinenceAdolescentsCannabisContingency managementHarm reductionYoung adults

Identifiers

PMID38277735
PMCPMC10923125

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.