ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2024
Empathy Among Physicians and Nurses in Japan: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Study.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multi-regional survey of empathy and its associated factors among community pharmacists within a national pharmacy network in Japan.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clinical competence and attitudes towards LGBT patients among medical residents in Japan.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Evaluation and practice of temporary hemodialysis catheter removal for critically ill patients by Chinese ICU nurses: a multicenter cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Latent profiles of humanistic care competence among psychiatric nurses: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Empathy as a Conditional Resource: System-Level Moral Distress as an Indirect Pathway in the Associations of Empathy with Burnout and Turnover Intention.Journal of nursing management · 2026Article
- Attitudes Toward Coercion Among Mental Healthcare Workers in Italy: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEmpathy with patients improves clinical outcomes. Although previous studies have shown no significant differences in empathy levels between physicians and nurses, investigations have not considered differences in cultural backgrounds and related factors of healthcare providers at the individual level.
objectiveThis study compares empathy between physicians and nurses in Japan and identifies relevant factors that contribute to these differences.
designA cross-sectional survey design was used in the study. The online survey was conducted using the Nikkei Medical Online website.
participantsA total of 5441 physicians and 965 nurses in Japan who were registered as members of Nikkei Medical Online were included. MAIN MEASURES: Empathy was measured by the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE). KEY
resultsCronbach's α was 0.89. The mean JSE score for Japanese physicians was significantly lower at 100.05 (SD = 15.75) than the mean score of 110.63 (SD = 12.25) for nurses (p<0.001). In related factors, higher age (increasing by one year) (+0.29; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.32; p<0.001), self-identified female gender (+5.45; 95% CI 4.40 to 6.49; p<0.001), having children (+1.20; 95% CI 0.30 to 2.10; p=0.009), and working at a hospital with 20-99 beds (+1.73; 95% CI 0.03 to 3.43; p=0.046) were significantly associated with higher scores, whereas those whose mother is a physician (-6.65; 95% CI -8.82 to -4.47; p<0.001) and father is a nurse (-9.53; 95% CI -16.54 to -2.52; p=0.008) or co-medical professional (-3.85; 95% CI -5.49 to -2.21; p<0.001) were significantly associated with lower scores.
conclusionsPhysicians had significantly lower scores on the JSE than nurses in Japan. Higher age, self-identified female gender, having children, working at a small hospital, having a mother who is a physician, and having a father who is a nurse or co-medical professional were factors associated with the level of empathy.
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