ArticleResearch (Washington, D.C.)2024
Transferrin Is Up-Regulated by Microbes and Acts as a Negative Regulator of Immunity to Induce Intestinal Immunotolerance.
Article in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging host-directed strategies for overcoming drug resistance and immune evasion in Staphylococcus aureus infections.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Innate immune functions of bitter taste receptors across physiological systems.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- The Brain-Gut Health Initiative (BIGHI): A Prospective Cohort on Psychiatric Disorders in China.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- CGRP at the Neuroimmune Interface: Regulator of Host Defense, Tumor Immunity, and Tissue Homeostasis.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Transferrin combined with alanine aminotransferase and body mass index improves non-invasive diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Enantiopure Turbo Chirality Targets in Tri-Propeller Blades: Design, Asymmetric Synthesis, and Computational Analysis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Natural Killer Cell Immune Checkpoints and Their Therapeutic Targeting in Cancer Treatment.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Gut Commensal Antibiotic-ResistantResearch (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Transferrin Disassociates TCR from CD3 Signaling Apparatus to Promote Metastasis.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Microbial Interactions with Intestinal Lipid Digestion and Absorption: Emerging Targets for Metabolic Disorders.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Decoding Sepsis: Unraveling Key Signaling Pathways for Targeted Therapies.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Amino Turbo Chirality and Its Asymmetric Control.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Discovery of Staircase Chirality through the Design of Unnatural Amino Acid Derivatives.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cross-talks (e.g., host-driven iron withdrawal and microbial iron uptake between host gastrointestinal tract and commensal microbes) regulate immunotolerance and intestinal homeostasis. However, underlying mechanisms that regulate the cross-talks remain poorly understood. Here, we show that bacterial products up-regulate iron-transporter transferrin and transferrin acts as an immunosuppressor by interacting with cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) to inhibit pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signaling and induce host immunotolerance. Decreased intestinal transferrin is found in germ-free mice and human patients with ulcerative colitis, which are characterized by impaired intestinal immunotolerance. Intestinal transferrin and host immunotolerance are returned to normal when germ-free mice get normal microbial commensalism, suggesting an association between microbial commensalism, transferrin, and host immunotolerance. Mouse colitis models show that transferrin shortage impairs host's tolerogenic responses, while its supplementation promotes immunotolerance. Designed peptide blocking transferrin-CD14 interaction inhibits immunosuppressive effects of transferrin. In monkeys with idiopathic chronic diarrhea, transferrin shows comparable or even better therapeutic effects than hydrocortisone. Our findings reveal that by up-regulating host transferrin to silence PRR signaling, commensal bacteria counteract immune activation induced by themselves to shape host immunity and contribute for intestinal tolerance.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.