ReviewNeuropsychobiology2024
Depression in Women: Potential Biological and Sociocultural Factors Driving the Sex Effect.
Review in Neuropsychobiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between depression and cognitive function among adults with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Spinal cord · 2026Pooled it
- A Women-Centered Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depressive Symptoms (the 3D Program): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- The Estrogen-Mitochondria Axis in Bipolar Disorder: From Fluctuating Hormones to Failing Bioenergetics.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Review
- Impact of sex chromosomes and gonad type in stress susceptibility in corticostriatal brain regions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Prediction of Depression in Women With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Using Routine Blood Tests: A Five-Year Longitudinal Analysis From the UK Biobank.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Article
- High Burden of Cardiovascular Disease and Mental Health Illness Comorbidity in Urban Haiti.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Observational
- Research frontiers and emerging trends in sex and gender differences in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a bibliometric analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Recommendations from the European interdisciplinary council on ageing on physical activity and diet for mental health conditions in older adults.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Review
- Sex differences in clinical and prognostic trajectories in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder: Insights from the FARPRESTO cohort.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Distinct cytokine-producing dendritic cell profiles in females and males with major depressive disorder.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Puberty in Context: Accounting for Psychosocial Experiences in the Association Between Pubertal Timing, Sex/Gender, and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms in Canadian Youth.Depression and anxiety · 2026Article
- Sex-related molecular phenotypes in anxiety-depressive disorders: a machine learning analysis of routine blood biomarkers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- What is the cost of dedication to teaching? A school-based longitudinal quantitative study on habits and quality of life.PloS one · 2026Article
- Evaluation and Analysis of Weight Management Awareness and Behaviors Among Iranian Female First-Year University Students: The Mismatch of Perception and Reality.International journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Patterns of multimorbidity among low-income adults who smoke with implications for tailored interventions: a cluster analysis using a Mixture of Bernoulli model.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluation of anxiety, stress, depression and hopelessness levels in clinical dental students of the faculty of dentistry: a cross-sectional study.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Associations of nutritional habits, lifestyle, and demographic factors with mental health outcomes among university students in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of major depressive disorder provide further clinical perspectives for precision psychiatry.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Review
- Gender differences in symptom profiles of individuals being treated for mood disorders.Journal of mood and anxiety disorders · 2025Article
- The Role of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Review of Mechanisms, Biomarker Potential, and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Important sex-related differences have been observed in the onset, prevalence, and clinical phenotype of depression, based on several epidemiological studies. Social, behavioural, and educational factors have a great role in underlying this bias; however, also several biological factors are extensively involved. Indeed, sexually dimorphic biological systems might represent the underlying ground for these disparities, including cerebral structures and neural correlates, reproductive hormones, stress response pathways, the immune system and inflammatory reaction, metabolism, and fat distribution. Furthermore, in this perspective, it is also important to consider and focus the attention on specific ages and life stages of individuals: indeed, women experience during their life specific periods of reproductive transitional phases, which are not found in men, that represent windows of particular psychological vulnerability. In addition to these, other biologically related risk factors, including the occurrence of sleep disturbances and the exposure to childhood trauma, which are found to differentially affect men and women, are also putative underlying mechanisms of the clinical bias of depression. Overall, by taking into account major differences which characterize men and women it might be possible to improve the diagnostic process, as well as treat more efficiently depressed individuals, based on a more personalized medicine and research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.