ArticleMovement disorders clinical practice2024
What are the Key Phenomenological Clues to Diagnose Functional Tic-Like Behaviors in the Pandemic Era?
Article in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tourette syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Tics.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- [Update on tic disorders and Tourette syndrome].Der Nervenarzt · 2025Review
- The Phenomenology of Tics in Adults: Data From the Calgary and Paris Adult Tic Disorders Registry.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Pathophysiology of functional neurological disorder for the general neurologist.BMJ neurology open · 2025Review
- Functional Tic-like Behaviors: From the COVID-19 Pandemic to the Post-Pandemic Era.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFunctional tic-like behaviors (FTLBs) can be difficult to distinguish from tics.
objectivesTo describe the phenomenology of FTLBs in youth and assess the movements and vocalizations most suggestive of the diagnosis.
methodsWe compared the phenomenology of tics between youth (<20 yr) with FTLBs and with primary tics from our Registry in Calgary, Canada.
resultsTwo hundred and thirty-six youths were included: 195 with primary tics (75% males; mean age: 10.8 yr) and 41 with FTLBs (98% females; 16.1 yr). In the bivariate models, FTLBs were most associated with copropraxia (OR = 15.5), saying words (OR = 14.5), coprolalia (OR = 13.1), popping (OR = 11.0), whistling (OR = 9.8), simple head movements (OR = 8.6), and self-injurious behaviors (OR = 6.9). In the multivariable model, FTLBs were still associated with saying words (OR = 13.5) and simple head movements (OR = 6.3). Only 12.2% of youth with FTLBs had throat clearing tics (OR = 0.2).
conclusionsThis study shall help physicians diagnose youth with FTLBs according to the presence/association of specific movements and vocalizations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.