ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2024
Association Between Trimethylamine N-oxide and Adverse Kidney Outcomes and Overall Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Plasma Concentrations and Renal Clearance of the Risk Marker Trimethylamine-N-Oxide in Patients With Type-2 Diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Effect of acarbose and vildagliptin on plasma trimethylamine N-oxide levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 6-month, two-arm randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Trial
- Trimethylamine N-oxide and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events: results of umbrella review and meta-analysis.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Marine-Derived Proteins: Individual Variability in Health Effects Across Protein Structure, Host Genetics, and Gut Microbiota.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Bridging gut microbiota and renal health: Klotho as a promising therapeutic agent in DKD.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Mean arterial pressure is not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan: a secondary retrospective analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-Activated Nanoplatform Counteracts Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via Remodeling Intratumoral Microbiota-Metabolism and Inducing Ferroptosis.Biomaterials research · 2026Article
- Correlation of gut microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide with inflammatory levels and osteoporosis in patients with diabetic nephropathy.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Type 2 Diabetes and the Multifaceted Gut-X Axes.Nutrients · 2025Review
- TMAO Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome, Disrupts Gut-Kidney Interaction, and Promotes Intestinal Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- TMAO and diabetes: from the gut feeling to the heart of the problem.Nutrition & diabetes · 2025Review
- Gut Microbe-Generated Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Ischemic Stroke.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Association Between Trimethylamine N-oxide and Adverse Kidney Outcomes and Overall Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextType 2 diabetes (T2D) is the major contributor to chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The influence of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) on kidney outcomes in T2D remains unclear.
objectiveTo examine the association between fasting serum TMAO levels and adverse kidney outcomes in patients with T2D.
methodsBetween October 2016 and June 2020, patients with T2D were recruited and monitored every 3 months until December 2021. Serum TMAO levels were assessed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The primary kidney outcomes were doubling of serum creatinine levels or progression to ESKD necessitating dialysis; the secondary kidney outcome was a rapid 30% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate within 2 years. All-cause mortality was also evaluated.
resultsAmong the 440 enrolled patients with T2D, those in the highest serum TMAO tertile (≥0.88 μM) were older, had a longer diabetes duration, elevated blood urea nitrogen, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate. Over a median follow-up period of 4 years, 26 patients (5.9%) had a doubling of serum creatinine level or progression to ESKD. After propensity score weighting, the patients in the highest serum TMAO tertile had a 6.45-fold increase in the risk of doubling of serum creatinine levels or progression to ESKD and 5.86-fold elevated risk of rapid decline in kidney function compared with those in the lowest tertile. Additionally, the stepwise increase in serum TMAO was associated with all-cause mortality.
conclusionPatients with T2D with elevated circulating TMAO levels are at higher risk of doubling serum creatinine, progressing to ESKD, and mortality. TMAO is a potential biomarker for kidney function progression and mortality in patients with T2D.
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