ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2024
FDG PET/CT Imaging 1 Week after a Single Dose of Pembrolizumab Predicts Treatment Response in Patients with Advanced Melanoma.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploratory FDG PET/CT Imaging in mCRPC Patients Treated with Sipuleucel-T ± IL-7: A Phase II Trial Subanalysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Trial
- The Molecular and Immunological Landscape in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) Differs by Somatostatin Receptor 2 (SSTR2) Expression.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Dual-time-point [EJNMMI research · 2026Article
- Applications and research progress of PET/CT in dynamic monitoring of immunotherapy in melanoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Multi-institutional analysis of incidence and risks for late-onset immune toxicity in breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Early Tumor Shrinkage and Depth of Response as Predictive Markers of Treatment Response and Prognosis in Solid Tumors.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Metabolic Imaging in Electrochemotherapy: Insights from FDG-PET Analysis in Metastatic Melanoma-A Pilot Study.Cancers · 2025Article
- Long-term clinical outcome of patients with metastatic melanoma and initial stable disease during anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy with pembrolizumab.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Therapeutic lymph node dissection with neoadjuvant immunotherapy for macroscopic melanoma - too much skin in the game?Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Metabolic parameters on baseline and early [EJNMMI research · 2025Article
- A Rare Case of Xeroderma Pigmentosum: Nivolumab Treatment for Three Cutaneous Malignancies with Clinical and Metabolic Imaging Correlation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Early-time-pointRadiology and oncology · 2025Article
- [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024Article
- PET Imaging for Monitoring Cellular and Immunotherapy of Cancer.Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.)Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeImmunologic response to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy can occur rapidly with T-cell responses detectable in as little as one week. Given that activated immune cells are FDG avid, we hypothesized that an early FDG PET/CT obtained approximately 1 week after starting pembrolizumab could be used to visualize a metabolic flare (MF), with increased tumor FDG activity due to infiltration by activated immune cells, or a metabolic response (MR), due to tumor cell death, that would predict response. PATIENTS AND
methodsNineteen patients with advanced melanoma scheduled to receive pembrolizumab were prospectively enrolled. FDG PET/CT imaging was performed at baseline and approximately 1 week after starting treatment. FDG PET/CT scans were evaluated for changes in maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and thresholds were identified by ROC analysis; MF was defined as >70% increase in tumor SUVmax, and MR as >30% decrease in tumor SUVmax.
resultsAn MF or MR was identified in 6 of 11 (55%) responders and 0 of 8 (0%) nonresponders, with an objective response rate (ORR) of 100% in the MF-MR group and an ORR of 38% in the stable metabolism (SM) group. An MF or MR was associated with T-cell reinvigoration in the peripheral blood and immune infiltration in the tumor. Overall survival at 3 years was 83% in the MF-MR group and 62% in the SM group. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was >38 months (median not reached) in the MF-MR group and 2.8 months (95% confidence interval, 0.3-5.2) in the SM group (P = 0.017).
conclusionsEarly FDG PET/CT can identify metabolic changes in melanoma metastases that are potentially predictive of response to pembrolizumab and significantly correlated with PFS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.