ArticleJournal of cardiothoracic surgery2024
Nonmalignant tracheal stenosis: presentation, management and outcome in limited resources setting.
Article in Journal of cardiothoracic surgery, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Guidelines for the Management of Adult Subglottic and Tracheal Stenosis From the Korean Bronchoesophagological Society.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Guideline
- The multidisciplinary strategy to severe neck contracture and complex post-tracheostomy tracheal stenosis: A case report.Medicine · 2026Article
- Recurrent Pediatric Upper Tracheal Stenosis Stabilized with a Montgomery Airway Stent: A Case Report.International medical case reports journal · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNonmalignant tracheal stenosis is a potentially life threatening conditions that develops as fibrotic healing from intubation, tracheostomy, caustic injury or chronic infection processes like tuberculosis. This is a report of our experience of its management with tracheostomy, rigid bronchoscopic dilation and surgery.
methodsRetrospective study design was used. 60 patients treated over five years period were included.
resultsMean age was 26.9 ± 10.0 with a range of 10-55 years. Majority (56 patients (93.3%)) had previous intubation as a cause for tracheal stenosis. Mean duration of intubation was 13.8 days (range from 2 to 27 days). All patients were evaluated with neck and chest CT (Computed Tomography) scan. Majority of the stenosis was in the upper third trachea - 81.7%. Mean internal diameter of narrowest part was 5.5 ± 2.5 mm, and mean length of stenosed segment was 16.9 ± 8 mm. Tracheal resection and end to end anastomosis (REEA) was the most common initial modality of treatment followed by bronchoscopic dilation (BD) and primary tracheostomy (PT). The narrowest internal diameter of the tracheal stenosis (TS) for each initial treatment category group was 4.4 ± 4.3 mm, 5.1 ± 1.9 mm and 6.7 ± 1.6 mm for PT, tracheal REEA and BD respectively, and the mean difference achieved statistical significance, F (10,49) = 2.25, p = 0.03. Surgery resulted in better outcome than bronchoscopic dilation (89.1% vs. 75.0%). DISCUSSION AND
conclusionNonmalignant tracheal stenosis mostly develops after previous prolonged intubation. Surgical resection and anastomosis offers the best outcome.
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