ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2023
Tomato-made edible COVID-19 vaccine TOMAVAC induces neutralizing IgGs in the blood sera of mice and humans.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rickettsial Diseases and Vaccines: Is There an Opportunity for Plant-Made Vaccine Technology?Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2026Review
- Edible Vaccines: A Paradigm Shift in Vaccine Delivery and Global Health Solutions.Current drug discovery technologies · 2026Review
- Plant-based edible vaccines: Can cholera be the case study in Africa?Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Simple and Fail-safe Method to Transform MiniprepBio-protocol · 2025Article
- Most accurate mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes identified in Uzbek patients show novel amino acid changes.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Development of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody detection assay by using recombinant plant-produced proteins.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Plant-based edible vaccines that provide two-layered protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outweigh the currently used parenteral types of vaccines, which predominantly cause a systemic immune response. Here, we engineered and selected a transgenic tomato genotype (TOMAVAC) that stably synthesized an antigenic S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2. Two-course spaced force-feeding of mice with ≈5.4 μg/ml TOMAVAC increased up to 16-fold the synthesis of RBD-specific NAbs in blood serum and the significant induction of S-IgA in intestinal lavage fluid. In a surrogate virus neutralization test, TOMAVAC-induced NAbs had 15-25% viral neutralizing activity. The results suggested early evidence of the immunogenicity and protectivity of TOMAVAC against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Furthermore, we observed a positive trend of statistically significant 1.2-fold (average of +42.28 BAU/ml) weekly increase in NAbs in the volunteers' serum relative to the initial day. No severe side effects were observed, preliminarily supporting the safety of TOMAVAC. With the completion of future large-scale studies, higher-generation TOMAVAC should be a cost-effective, ecologically friendly, and widely applicable novel-generation COVID-19 vaccine, providing two-layered protection against SARS-CoV-2.
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