Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38259462›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023

Polymeric nanocapsules loaded with poly(I:C) and resiquimod to reprogram tumor-associated macrophages for the treatment of solid tumors.

Clément Anfray, Carmen Fernández Varela, Aldo Ummarino, Akihiro Maeda, Marina Sironi, Sara Gandoy, Jose Brea, María Isabel Loza, Sergio León, Alfonso Calvo and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Recent Advancements in Lung Cancer Metastasis Prevention Based on Nanostrategies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
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  16. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid modulatesJournal of dental sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Clément AnfrayLaboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.
Carmen Fernández VarelaCenter for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Aldo UmmarinoLaboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.
Akihiro MaedaLaboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.
Marina SironiLaboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.
Sara GandoyCenter for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Jose BreaBioFarma Research Group, CIMUS, Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
María Isabel LozaBioFarma Research Group, CIMUS, Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Sergio LeónNavarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Department of Pathology and Histology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Alfonso CalvoNavarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Department of Pathology and Histology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Juan CorreaCentro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Eduardo Fernandez-MegiaCentro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
María José Alonso *Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Paola Allavena *Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.
José Crecente-Campo *Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Fernando Torres Andón *Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital · ITUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela · ESCenter for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases · ESCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: In the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a key immunosuppressive role that limits the ability of the immune system to fight cancer. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) ligands, such as poly(I:C) or resiquimod (R848) are able to reprogram TAMs towards M1-like antitumor effector cells. The objective of our work has been to develop and evaluate polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) loaded with poly(I:C)+R848, to improve drug stability and systemic toxicity, and evaluate their targeting and therapeutic activity towards TAMs in the TME of solid tumors. Methods: NCs were developed by the solvent displacement and layer-by-layer methodologies and characterized by dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was chemically functionalized with mannose for the coating of the NCs to target TAMs. NCs loaded with TLR ligands were evaluated Results: We have developed polymeric NCs loaded with poly(I:C)+R848. Among a series of 5 lead prototypes, protamine-NCs were selected based on their physicochemical properties (size, charge, stability) and Conclusion: Mannose-HA-protamine-NCs loaded with poly(I:C)+R848 successfully reprogram TAMs

Indexed as

ImidazolesLung NeoplasmsNanocapsulesAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalHumansMannoseMiceProtaminesTumor-Associated MacrophagesTumor MicroenvironmentImidazolesMannoseNanocapsulesProtaminesresiquimodantitumoral immunotherapycancerimmunotoxicologypoly(I:C)polymeric nanocapsulesresiquimod (R848)toll-like receptor (TLR)tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)

Identifiers

PMID38259462
PMCPMC10800412
OpenAlexW4390666043

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.