ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Potential Role of Macrophage Polarization in the Progression of Hunner-Type Interstitial Cystitis.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting CCR1-mediated macrophage phenotypic switching to alleviate bladder pain and urinary dysfunction in interstitial cystitis.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Exploring promising biomarkers based on pathogenic mechanisms in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Interstitial cystitis: a phenotype and rare variant exome sequencing study.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Multi-omics profiling reveals distinct pathogenic mechanisms in Hunner and non-Hunner interstitial cystitis subtypes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A2A Adenosine Receptor as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Cystitis-Induced Bladder Pain: Insights from a Transgenic Autoimmune Cystitis Murine Model.International urogynecology journal · 2025Article
- Association of specific HLA alleles in patients with interstitial cystitis suggesting autoimmunity.Frontiers in molecular medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHunner-type interstitial cystitis (HIC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the bladder. However, it remains unclear whether there is a causal relationship between the presence of Hunner lesions and seemingly normal-appearing areas in the bladder (non-Hunner lesions). This study aimed to investigate the fundamental aspects of HIC by examining potential genetic differences between Hunner and non-Hunner lesions and elucidate their role as potential markers in the progression and suppression of the disease.
methodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled patients with HIC (
resultsThe mucosal layers of patients exhibited similar pathway dysregulation across Hunner and non-Hunner lesions, with immunerelated pathways being prominently affected. In the mucosal layer, genes related to anti-inflammatory and immune suppression were downregulated in Hunner lesions compared to non-Hunner lesions. Moreover, in Hunner lesions, genes related to macrophage differentiation and polarization, such as
conclusionHunner lesions showed a reduced expression of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive factors compared to non-Hunner lesions, along with alterations in immune cell populations. This study suggests the possibility that macrophage polarization is related to the progression from non-Hunner lesions to Hunner lesions, suggesting its relevance to the characteristics of autoimmune diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.