ArticleCancers2024
Next-Generation CEA-CAR-NK-92 Cells against Solid Tumors: Overcoming Tumor Microenvironment Challenges in Colorectal Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- CAR-engineering of innate and innate-like immune cells: a new horizon in adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Article
- Targeting molecular residual disease and immune escape in colorectal cancer recurrence: biomarker-guided immunotherapy and cell therapies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- CEA-targeted CAR-NK cells derived from embryonic stem cells exhibit potent anti-tumor activity against colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A new era in CAR-NK cell therapy: from technological innovations to clinical applications.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Review
- CAR-NK Engineering to Overcome TME Barriers.Cells · 2025Review
- Natural killer cell-based immunotherapies for colorectal cancer: Current strategies, challenges, and future perspectives.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Precision sniper for solid tumors: CAR-NK cell therapy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Review
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-NK92 cells effective against glioblastoma, breast- and pancreatic cancer in vitro and in a murine xenograft model of ovarian cancer.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Advancing CAR-based cell therapies for solid tumours: challenges, therapeutic strategies, and perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Rendering NK Cells Antigen-Specific for the Therapy of Solid Tumours.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- NK cell-associated long non-coding RNAs reveal heterogeneity of colorectal cancer immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Association of Serum PSA, fPSA, and CEA Levels with Prognosis and Clinicopathological Characteristics in Prostate Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
- CAR-NK cells: harnessing the power of natural killers for advanced cancer therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer (CAR-NK) cell immunotherapy: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Trogocytosis in CAR immune cell therapy: a key mechanism of tumor immune escape.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- CAR-NK cells for gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy: from bench to bedside.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- CAR-NK Cell Therapy: A Transformative Approach to Overcoming Oncological Challenges.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Engineered T cells for Colorectal Cancer.Immunotherapy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) presents a formidable medical challenge, demanding innovative therapeutic strategies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (NK) cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to CAR T-cell therapy for cancer. A suitable tumor antigen target on CRC is carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), given its widespread expression and role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. CEA is known to be prolifically shed from tumor cells in a soluble form, thus hindering CAR recognition of tumors and migration through the TME. We have developed a next-generation CAR construct exclusively targeting cell-associated CEA, incorporating a PD1-checkpoint inhibitor and a CCR4 chemokine receptor to enhance homing and infiltration of the CAR-NK-92 cell line through the TME, and which does not induce fratricidal killing of CAR-NK-92-cells. To evaluate this therapeutic approach, we harnessed intricate 3D multicellular tumor spheroid models (MCTS), which emulate key elements of the TME. Our results demonstrate the effective cytotoxicity of CEA-CAR-NK-92 cells against CRC in colorectal cell lines and MCTS models. Importantly, minimal off-target activity against non-cancerous cell lines underscores the precision of this therapy. Furthermore, the integration of the CCR4 migration receptor augments homing by recognizing target ligands, CCL17 and CCL22. Notably, our CAR design results in no significant trogocytosis-induced fratricide. In summary, the proposed CEA-targeting CAR-NK cell therapy could offer a promising solution for CRC treatment, combining precision and efficacy in a tailored approach.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.