ReviewBiomolecules2024
Biomarkers for Serious Bacterial Infections in Febrile Children.
Review in Biomolecules, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Performance of a host-protein score (MeMed BV score) for detecting bacterial infections in young children.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Development of Cereblon (CRBN) as an early prognostic biomarker in Paediatric Sepsis: a Prospective Observational Study Protocol.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- A review of bloodstream infections-pathogens, pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies, treatment methods-challenges and future aspects.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Review
- Perioperative changes in IgG and plasma N-glycosylation in children with acute appendicitis and elective surgery: a prospective study.Croatian medical journal · 2026Article
- Antibiotic overuse in children with viral infections: lessons from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Nanomaterial-nucleic acid probe synergy: accelerating rapid pathogen detection and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in bloodstream infections.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Availability of diagnostic tools and stewardship protocols for managing infectious diseases in Italian paediatric emergency departments: a nationwide survey.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- A comparative evaluation of salivary and serum procalcitonin to identify infants with serious bacterial infections.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Limited discriminatory value of C-reactive protein for viral coinfection and respiratory severity in children evaluated in the emergency department for acute respiratory tract illness.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Explainable machine learning for the early differentiation of pediatric bronchopneumonia using routine laboratory parameters.PloS one · 2026Article
- Development of a Reference Standard to Assign Bacterial Versus Viral Infection Etiology Using an All-inclusive Methodology for Comparison of Novel Diagnostic Tool Performance.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Advances and Challenges in Pediatric Sepsis Diagnosis: Integrating Early Warning Scores and Biomarkers for Improved Prognosis.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antimicrobial Drugs in Children with Cancer: A New Tool for Personalized Medicine.Paediatric drugs · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Febrile infections in children are a common cause of presentation to the emergency department (ED). While viral infections are usually self-limiting, sometimes bacterial illnesses may lead to sepsis and severe complications. Inflammatory biomarkers such as C reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin are usually the first blood exams performed in the ED to differentiate bacterial and viral infections; nowadays, a better understanding of immunochemical pathways has led to the discovery of new and more specific biomarkers that could play a role in the emergency setting. The aim of this narrative review is to provide the most recent evidence on biomarkers and predictor models, combining them for serious bacterial infection (SBI) diagnosis in febrile children. Literature analysis shows that inflammatory response is a complex mechanism in which many biochemical and immunological factors contribute to the host response in SBI. CRP and procalcitonin still represent the most used biomarkers in the pediatric ED for the diagnosis of SBI. Their sensibility and sensitivity increase when combined, and for this reason, it is reasonable to take them both into consideration in the evaluation of febrile children. The potential of machine learning tools, which represent a real novelty in medical practice, in conjunction with routine clinical and biological information, may improve the accuracy of diagnosis and target therapeutic options in SBI. However, studies on this matter are not yet validated in younger populations, making their relevance in pediatric precision medicine still uncertain. More data from further research are needed to improve clinical practice and decision making using these new technologies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.