ArticleEBioMedicine2023
Trajectories of olfactory identification preceding incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a longitudinal study.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease across diverse biological domains: an umbrella review and evidence map.Journal of advanced research · 2026Pooled it
- Olfactory dysfunction is associated with gait impairment in older adults: evidence for a shared amygdala substrate.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular biomarkers in relation to odor identification in a naturalistic clinical cohort.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Olfactory decline in aging: longitudinal trajectories and associations with cognitive decline and postmortem neuropathology.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Elucidating the burden of dual-sensory impairment in community-based older individuals in a multi-ethnic society.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Assessment and behavioural management options for older adults with declined smell and taste functions: a scoping review.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Olfactory dysfunction increases progression to dementia in cognitively impaired older adults: a 12-year population-based study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Olfactory identification impairment in cerebral small-vessel disease indicates cognitive network disconnection and predicts accelerated cognitive decline.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Early Locus Coeruleus noradrenergic axon loss drives olfactory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The combined effects of visual impairment, hearing loss, and olfactory dysfunction on cognitive impairment: An individually matched case-control study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Olfaction and Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease and Neurodegeneration in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.Neurology · 2025Article
- Olfactory Dysfunction as a Clinical Marker of Early Glymphatic Failure in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using the MEMORIES mnemonic.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2025Review
- Necroptosis in vascular cognitive impairment: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Cerebrovascular burden and neurodegeneration linked to 15-year odor identification decline in older adults.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Odor induced functional connectivity alteration of POC-anterior frontal cortex-medial temporal cortex in patients with mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe pattern of olfactory identification change in the early phases of dementing disorders is unclear. We aimed to assess olfactory identification trajectories preceding incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia and explore the role of brain pathologies in these trajectories.
methodsWithin the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1318 dementia-free older adults were followed annually for up to 11 years. Olfactory identification was assessed using the Brief Smell Identification Test annually. Of 900 cognitively intact participants, incident MCI and dementia were diagnosed following standard criteria. Over follow-up, 518 participants died and underwent brain autopsies for neuropathological assessment. Data were analyzed using mixed-effect models with backward timescales.
findingsCompared to participants who remained cognitively intact, olfactory identification declined faster among those who developed MCI (β -0.09 [95% CI -0.13, -0.05]), leading to a significantly lower olfactory identification starting from five years preceding MCI diagnosis (mean difference at year -5: -0.39 [-0.71, -0.07]). Among participants with incident MCI, olfactory identification declined faster in those who developed dementia compared to those who did not (β -0.19 [-0.36, -0.01]), leading to a significantly lower olfactory identification starting from three years preceding dementia diagnosis (mean difference at year -3: -0.95 [-1.67, -0.23]). A faster decline in olfactory identification was associated with higher burdens of global Alzheimer's disease pathology, neurofibrillary tangles, and amyloid beta load.
interpretationOlfactory identification declined faster preceding dementia disorders and Alzheimer's pathology may underlie these faster declines.
fundingThis study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (R01AG17917) and Swedish Research Council (2021-01647).
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