ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Reduced monocyte proportions and responsiveness in convalescent COVID-19 patients.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Monocytes in pneumonia: Functional plasticity and innate memory (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- A sequence knowledge-guided deep learning method for single-cell multi-omics translation.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Long-term immune profiling of COVID-19 recovered patients: effects of disease severity and vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Choroid plexus volume is enlarged in long COVID and associated with cognitive and brain changes.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- LEF1-AS1 Deregulation in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Persistent Post-COVID Symptoms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Dysregulated monocyte compartment in PACS patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Human Blood Non-Classical/Classical Monocyte Cells Are Heterogeneously Presented in Severe COVID-19 and Correlate with Disease Activity.Journal of innate immunity · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 post-acute sequelae linked to inflammation via extracellular vesicles.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA-sequencing highlights a curtailed NK cell function in convalescent COVID-19 pregnant women.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Transcriptome analysis of classical blood cells reveals downregulation of pro-inflammatory genes in the classical monocytes of long COVID patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Long-term changes in the phenotype and cytokine production of monocytes in COVID-19 recovered and vaccinated individuals.Infection and immunity · 2024Article
- Identification of an immunological signature of long COVID syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: The clinical manifestations of acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) suggest a dysregulation of the host immune response that leads to inflammation, thrombosis, and organ dysfunction. It is less clear whether these dysregulated processes persist during the convalescent phase of disease or during long COVID. We sought to examine the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the proportions of classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocytes, their activation status, and their functional properties in convalescent COVID-19 patients. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from convalescent COVID-19 patients and uninfected controls were analyzed by multiparameter flow cytometry to determine relative percentages of total monocytes and monocyte subsets. The expression of activation markers and proinflammatory cytokines in response to LPS treatment were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Results: We found that the percentage of total monocytes was decreased in convalescent COVID-19 patients compared to uninfected controls. This was due to decreased intermediate and non-classical monocytes. Classical monocytes from convalescent COVID-19 patients demonstrated a decrease in activation markers, such as CD56, in response to stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, classical monocytes from convalescent COVID-19 patients showed decreased expression of CD142 (tissue factor), which can initiate the extrinsic coagulation cascade, in response to LPS stimulation. Finally, we found that monocytes from convalescent COVID-19 patients produced less TNF-α and IL-6 in response to LPS stimulation, than those from uninfected controls. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibits a clear effect on the relative proportions of monocyte subsets, the activation status of classical monocytes, and proinflammatory cytokine production that persists during the convalescent phase of disease.
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