ReviewJournal of personalized medicine2024
The Relationship between Fine Particle Matter (PM2.5) Exposure and Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases.
Review in Journal of personalized medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of urban airborne particulate matter exposure on the human upper respiratory tract microbiome: a systematic review.Respiratory research · 2025Pooled it
- Climate Change and Food Allergy: Adaptations and Risks at the Intersection of Environment and Health.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Article
- A comprehensive review on the role of PM2.5 in modulating transplant immunity and graft survival.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Review
- The Study of Allergic Reactions in Mice Induced by Particulate Matter from Duck Houses.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Acute effects of multi-pollutant exposure on pediatric epistaxis: evidence from a distributed lag nonlinear model in Chongqing, China.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates programmed cell death in diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Environmental pollutants and the gut microbiota: mechanistic links from exposure to systemic disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Microbial Dysbiosis in the Lung and Gut in Response to Inhalable Particulate Matters in Pneumoconiosis Patients and Animals.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Environmental health risks and impacts of PMToxicology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Respiratory Protective Effects of Perilla Leave Varieties (Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Use of nasal mucosal autonomic nerve response in efficacy evaluation of vidian neurectomy for allergic rhinitis: a prospective study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- METTL3-driven mFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Influence of Secondary Metabolites According to Maturation of Perilla (International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PM2.5 is one of the most harmful components of airborne pollution and includes particles with diameters of less than 2.5 μm. Almost 90% of the world's population lives in areas with poor air quality exceeding the norms established by the WHO. PM2.5 exposure affects various organs and systems of the human body including the upper respiratory tract which is one of the most prone to its adverse effects. PM2.5 can disrupt nasal epithelial cell metabolism, decrease the integrity of the epithelial barrier, affect mucociliary clearance, and alter the inflammatory process in the nasal mucosa. Those effects may increase the chance of developing upper respiratory tract diseases in areas with high PM2.5 pollution. PM2.5's contribution to allergic rhinitis (AR) and rhinosinusitis was recently thoroughly investigated. Numerous studies demonstrated various mechanisms that occur when subjects with AR or rhinosinusitis are exposed to PM2.5. Various immunological changes and alterations in the nasal and sinonasal epithelia were reported. These changes may contribute to the observations that exposure to higher PM2.5 concentrations may increase AR and rhinosinusitis symptoms in patients and the number of clinical visits. Thus, studying novel strategies against PM2.5 has recently become the focus of researchers' attention. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of PM2.5 on healthy upper respiratory tract mucosa and PM2.5's contribution to AR and rhinosinusitis. Finally, we summarize the current advances in developing strategies against PM2.5 particles' effects on the upper respiratory tract.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.