Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38247365›Full record

ArticleDevelopment and psychopathology2025

Triarchic traits as risk versus protective factors for ADHD symptomatology: A prospective longitudinal investigation.

Elizabeth S M Chan, Emily R Perkins, Bridget M Bertoldi, Kelsey L Lowman, Elia F Soto, Catherine Tuvblad, Sofi Oskarsson, Laura A Baker, Christopher J Patrick

Abstract readTwin Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Development and psychopathology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Elizabeth S M ChanGraduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7494-3587
Emily R PerkinsDepartment of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3473-8962
Bridget M BertoldiDepartment of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Kelsey L LowmanDepartment of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Elia F SotoDepartment of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
Catherine TuvbladÖrebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, Örebro, Sweden.
Sofi OskarssonÖrebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, Örebro, Sweden.
Laura A BakerDepartment of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Christopher J PatrickDepartment of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1794-1969

Funding

RISK FACTORS FOR ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIORR01MH058354 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BAKER, LAURA A · 2000 to 2013
$8.5M
Callousness and Distress Processing: An ERP Investigation of Attention and Emotion in Adolescence.F31MH122096 · NIMH · FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI PERKINS, EMILY REED · 2019 to 2020
$74k
NIMH NIH HHS F31 MH122096NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH058354
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are associated with myriad adverse outcomes, including interpersonal difficulties, but factors that moderate the developmental course and functional impact of ADHD over time are not well understood. The present study evaluated developmental contributions of the triarchic neurobehavioral traits (boldness, meanness, and disinhibition) to ADHD symptomatology and its subdimensions from adolescence to young adulthood. Participants were twins and triplets assessed at ages 14, 17, and 19 (initial

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityPersonalityAdolescentFemaleHumansImpulsive BehaviorLongitudinal StudiesMaleProspective StudiesProtective FactorsRisk FactorsYoung AdultAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderdevelopmental psychopathologypositive youth developmentprotective factortriarchic model

Identifiers

PMID38247365
PMCPMC13690043

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.