ArticleWorld journal of surgical oncology2024
Transforming growth factor-induced gene TGFBI is correlated with the prognosis and immune infiltrations of breast cancer.
Article in World journal of surgical oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Complex Path from Mammary Ductal Hyperplasia to Breast Cancer: Elevated Malignancy Risk in Atypical Forms.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- TGFBI deficiency facilitates tumor associated macrophages M2 polarization and angiogenesis to promote pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms progression.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Hypoxia-Induced TGFBI Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression by Creating a Stemness Regulation Loop through Stabilizing the Disulfide Bonds of GDF15.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- TGFBI in tumors and the tumor immune microenvironment: functional roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Macrophage-cancer cell crosstalk in breast cancer chemotherapy resistance.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Targeting TGF-β: a promising strategy for cancer therapy.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Applying integrated transcriptome and single-cell sequencing analysis to develop a prognostic signature based on M2-like tumor-associated macrophages for breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Hypoxia-induced TGFBI maintains glioma stem cells by stabilizing EphA2.Theranostics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTransforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is a critical regulator of lung metastasis of breast cancer and is correlated with the prognosis of breast cancer. However, not all TGFβ stimulated genes were functional and prognostic in breast cancer lung metastatic progress. In this study, we tried to determine the prognosis of TGFβ stimulated genes in breast cancer.
methodsTGFβ stimulated genes in MDA-MB-231 cells and lung metastasis-associated genes in LM2-4175 cells were identified through gene expression microarray. The prognosis of the induced gene (TGFBI) in breast cancer was determined through bioinformatics analysis and validated using tissue microarray. The immune infiltrations of breast cancer were determined through "ESTIMATE" and "TIMER".
resultsTGFBI was up-regulated by TGFβ treatment and over-expressed in LM2-4175 cells. Through bioinformatics analysis, we found that higher expression of TGFBI was associated with shorted lung metastasis-free survival, relapse-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival of breast cancer. Moreover, the prognosis of TGFBI was validated in 139 Chinese breast cancer patients. Chinese breast cancer patients with higher TGFBI expression had lower overall survival. Correspondingly, breast cancer patients with higher TGFBI methylation had higher overall survival. TGFBI was correlated with the score of the TGFβ signaling pathway and multiple immune-related signaling pathways in breast cancer. The stromal score, immune score, and the infiltrations of immune cells were also correlated with TGFBI expression in breast cancer.
conclusionsTGFβ-induced gene TGFBI was correlated with the prognosis and immune infiltrations of breast cancer.
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